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Gastroschisis is a birth defect in which the baby's intestines extend outside of the abdomen through a hole next to the belly button. [1] The size of the hole is variable, and other organs including the stomach and liver may also occur outside the baby's body. [2]
Umbilical granuloma is the most common umbilical abnormality in newborn children or neonates, causing inflammation and drainage. [1] [2] [3] It may appear in the first few weeks of newborn infants during the healing process of the umbilical cord due to an umbilical mass. [4] It is the overgrowth of the umbilical tissue. [5]
In the United States, they occur in about 3% of newborns. [8] They resulted in about 628,000 deaths in 2015, down from 751,000 in 1990. [9] [12] The types with the greatest numbers of deaths are congenital heart disease (303,000), followed by neural tube defects (65,000). [9]
Obstruction and strangulation of the hernia is rare because the underlying defect in the abdominal wall is larger than in an inguinal hernia of the newborn. The size of the base of the herniated tissue is inversely correlated with risk of strangulation (i.e., a narrow base is more likely to strangulate).
Replogle tubes can be flushed regularly with saline and attached to suction help remove secretions, stool, or excess air. Normally, a Replogle tube is used only for hours or days while the baby develops or awaits surgical intervention, but in cases where surgery has to be delayed a Replogle may be needed for weeks or even months.
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Radiographs in meconium ileus classically demonstrate a bubbly appearance in the right lower quadrant due to a combination of ingested air and meconium. If, on contrast enema, reflux into the dilated distal small bowel loops can be achieved, the study is both diagnostic and therapeutic, as the ionic contrast medium can dissolve the meconium to ...
Pneumoperitoneum is pneumatosis (abnormal presence of air or other gas) in the peritoneal cavity, a potential space within the abdominal cavity.The most common cause is a perforated abdominal organ, generally from a perforated peptic ulcer, although any part of the bowel may perforate from a benign ulcer, tumor or abdominal trauma.