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In vitro and in response to specific cocktails of hormones (mainly auxins and cytokinins), most plant tissues can de-differentiate and form a mass of dividing totipotent stem cells called a callus. Organogenesis can then occur from those cells. The type of organ that is formed depends on the relative concentrations of the hormones in the medium.
If the organ donor is human, most countries require that the donor be legally dead for consideration of organ transplantation (e.g. cardiac death or brain death). For some organs, a living donor can be the source of the organ. For example, living donors can donate one kidney or part of their liver to a well-matched recipient. [2]
A primordium (/ p r aɪ ˈ m ɔːr d i ə m /; pl.: primordia; synonym: anlage) in embryology, is an organ or tissue in its earliest recognizable stage of development. [1] Cells of the primordium are called primordial cells. A primordium is the simplest set of cells capable of triggering growth of the would-be organ and the initial foundation ...
Due to their active division and undifferentiated nature, meristematic cells form the foundation for the formation of new organs and the continuous expansion of the plant body throughout the plant's life cycle. Meristematic cells are small, with thin primary cell walls and small or no vacuoles.
This causes the cells of the abscission zone to break apart and the leaf or other plant part to fall off. [6] Another way detachment occurs is through imbibition of water. [ 6 ] The plant cells at the abscission zone will take in a large amount of water, swell, and eventually burst, making the organ fall off. [ 6 ]
Scientists think genetically-modified animals could one day be the solution to an organ supply shortage that causes thousands of people in the U.S. to die every year waiting for a transplant.
Plant tissue culture is a collection of techniques used to maintain or grow plant cells, tissues, or organs under sterile conditions on a nutrient culture medium of known composition. It is widely used to produce clones of a plant in a method known as micropropagation .
Organ culture is the cultivation of either whole organs or parts of organs in vitro. [1] It is a development from tissue culture methods of research, as the use of the actual in vitro organ itself allows for more accurate modelling of the functions of an organ in various states and conditions. [2]