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Overall there is more water than sodium in the body. The intravascular volume is low because the water will move through a process called osmosis out of the vasculature into the cells (intracellularly). The danger is tissue swelling (edema) the most important being brain edema which in turn will cause more vomiting.
Edema (American English), also spelled oedema (British English), and also known as fluid retention, dropsy and hydropsy, is the build-up of fluid in the body's tissue, [1] a type of swelling. [4] Most commonly, the legs or arms are affected. [1] Symptoms may include skin that feels tight, the area feeling heavy, and joint stiffness. [1]
Intravenous therapy (abbreviated as IV therapy) is a medical technique that administers fluids, medications and nutrients directly into a person's vein.The intravenous route of administration is commonly used for rehydration or to provide nutrients for those who cannot, or will not—due to reduced mental states or otherwise—consume food or water by mouth.
Grade 1 (mild edema): Involves the distal parts such as a forearm and hand or a lower leg and foot. The difference in circumference is less than 4 cm (1.6 in) and no other tissue changes are present. Grade 2 (moderate edema): Involves an entire limb or corresponding quadrant of the trunk. Difference in circumference is 4–6 cm (1.6–2.4 in).
Without comorbidities, wounds are thought to be able to heal if the oxygen tension is greater than 40 mmHg. [1] In the presence of comorbidities, such as diabetes or edema, a higher value is likely needed. Patients with oxygen tensions less than 20 mmHg are likely to need revascularization to promote adequate wound healing. [3]
Transudates have low protein (<30 g/L), low LDH, high pH, normal glucose, and fewer than 1 white cell per 1000 mm 3. Clinically, the most useful measure is the difference between ascitic and serum albumin concentrations. A difference of less than 1 g/dl (10 g/L) implies an exudate. [9]
NPPE develops as a result of significant negative pressure generated in the chest cavity by inspiration against an upper airway obstruction. These negative pressures in the chest lead to increase venous supply to the right side of the heart while simultaneously creating more resistance for the left side of the heart to supply blood to the rest of the body (). [4]
1–3 h: 1–3 days; cytoplasmic hypereosinophilia and loss of striations > 3 days: disintegration: Interstitial edema: 4–12 h: Coagulative necrosis: 'nuclear changes' 12–24 (pyknosis, karyorrhexis) 1–3 days (loss of nuclei) Depends on size of infarction: Neutrophil infiltration: 12–24 h: 1–3 days: 5–7 days: Karyorrhexis of ...