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Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCV or MCPyV) was first described in January 2008 in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. [1] It was the first example of a human viral pathogen discovered using unbiased metagenomic next-generation sequencing with a technique called digital transcriptome subtraction. [2]
Polyomaviridae is a family of viruses whose natural hosts are primarily mammals and birds. [1] [2] As of 2024, there are eight recognized genera. [3]Fourteen species are known to infect humans, while others, such as Simian Virus 40, have been identified in humans to a lesser extent.
Murine polyomavirus (also known as mouse polyomavirus, Polyomavirus muris, or Mus musculus polyomavirus 1, and in older literature as SE polyoma or parotid tumor virus; abbreviated MPyV) is an unenveloped double-stranded DNA virus of the polyomavirus family. The first member of the family discovered, it was originally identified by accident in ...
HPyV9 was first discovered in 2011 by generic PCR used to screen clinical samples from patients who were immunocompromised for various reasons. The virus was identified in a sample from a kidney transplant recipient and sequenced to reveal a genome of typical polyomavirus structure, particularly closely related to the African green monkey lymphotropic polyomavirus (LPV).
The primary alphapolyomavirus that is of clinical significance to humans is Merkel cell polyomavirus (Human polyomavirus 5, MCV, or MCPyV). The apparent oncogenicity of MCPyV [6] similar to other cancer-causing viruses such as HPV, Epstein-Barr virus, and Hepatitis C virus [7] is a main area of research for the scientific community.
Polyomaviridae is a family of viruses.Mammals and birds serve as natural hosts. There are currently 13 species in this family, divided among 1 genera, Polyomavirus (type species Simian virus 40).
All known human polyomaviruses are fairly common in healthy adult populations and are usually asymptomatic. In studies that profile polyomavirus seroprevalence, or prevalence of detectable antibodies against viral proteins indicating either past or present exposure in immunocompetent adults, estimates of HPyV6 prevalence have ranged from approximately 60–85%, with evidence of low prevalence ...
Human polyomavirus 7 (HPyV7) is a virus of the polyomavirus family that infects human hosts. It was discovered in 2010 and is a common component of the skin flora in healthy adults. [ 1 ] There is limited evidence from case reports linking the virus to a skin rash occurring in immunocompromised organ transplant recipients.