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The seventy weeks prophecy is internally dated to "the first year of Darius son of Ahasuerus, by birth a Mede" (Daniel 9:1), [34] later referred to in the Book of Daniel as "Darius the Mede" (e.g. Daniel 11:1); [35] however, no such ruler is known to history and the widespread consensus among critical scholars is that he is a literary fiction. [36]
The day-year principle was partially employed by Jews [7] as seen in Daniel 9:24–27, Ezekiel 4:4-7 [8] and in the early church. [9] It was first used in Christian exposition in 380 AD by Ticonius, who interpreted the three and a half days of Revelation 11:9 as three and a half years, writing 'three days and a half; that is, three years and six months' ('dies tres et dimidium; id est annos ...
"The Seventy Weeks of Daniel 9: An Exegetical Study" (PDF). Andrews University Seminary Studies. 17 (1): 1– 22. Eijnatten, Joris van (2003), Liberty and concord in the United Provinces: religious toleration and the public in the eighteenth-century Netherlands, Leiden: Brill, ISBN 978-90-04-12843-9.
Daniel, therefore, reinterprets the seventy years as seventy "weeks" of years, making up 490 years. The 70 weeks/490 years are subdivided, with seven "weeks" from the "going forth of the word to rebuild and restore Jerusalem" to the coming of an "anointed one", while the final "week" is marked by the violent death of another "anointed one ...
The historicist view on the prophecy of seventy weeks, in Daniel 9, stretches from 457 BCE to 34 CE, and that the final "week" of the prophecy refers to the events of the ministry of Jesus. This was the view taught by Martin Luther, [36] John Calvin [37] and Sir Isaac Newton. [38]
In Daniel 9, Daniel, pondering the meaning of Jeremiah's prophecy that Jerusalem would remain desolate for seventy years, is told by the angel Gabriel that the 70 years should be taken to mean seventy weeks (literally "sevens") of years. [19]
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In the third, Daniel is troubled to read in holy scripture (the book is not named but appears to be Jeremiah) that Jerusalem would be desolate for 70 years. Daniel repents on behalf of the Jews and requests that Jerusalem and its people be restored. An angel refers to a period of 70 sevens (or weeks) of years. In the final vision, Daniel sees a ...