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Every cell of the filamentous algal body (called the thallus) is similar in shape apart from the apical cell (the uppermost) and the holdfast cell (the lowermost). The apical cell is wider and rounded at its tip relative to the other cells of the thallus. The holdfast cell produces elongated growths from both unattached sides which aid in ...
The Spitzenkörper may be seen in growing hyphae even with a light microscope. Hyphae of the Oomycota and some lower Eumycota (notably the Zygomycota ) do not contain a recognizable Spitzenkörper, and the vesicles are instead distributed more loosely often in a crescent-shaped arrangement beneath the apical plasma membrane .
The cells of the filaments are arranged end to end. They are cylindrical or barrel-shaped. [2] The apical cell is somewhat rounded at its terminal end whereas the basal cell is elongated. It is also called the basal holdfast, which attaches the filament to the substratum. The cell wall is composed of propectin and cellulose and it lacks mucilage.
Stereocilia (or stereovilli or villi) are non-motile apical cell modifications. They are distinct from cilia and microvilli, but are closely related to microvilli. They form single "finger-like" projections that may be branched, with normal cell membrane characteristics. They contain actin.
Its place of articulation is alveolar, which means it is articulated with either the tip or the blade of the tongue at the alveolar ridge, termed respectively apical and laminal. Its phonation is voiceless, which means it is produced without vibrations of the vocal cords. In some languages the vocal cords are actively separated, so it is always ...
The Spitzenkörper moves along the apex of the hyphal strand and generates apical growth and branching; the apical growth rate of the hyphal strand parallels and is regulated by the movement of the Spitzenkörper. [6] As a hypha extends, septa may be formed behind the growing tip to partition each hypha into individual cells. Hyphae can branch ...
Apocrine (/ ˈ æ p ə k r ɪ n /) [1] is a term used to classify the mode of secretion of exocrine glands.In apocrine secretion, secretory cells accumulate material at their apical ends, often forming blebs or "snouts", and this material then buds off from the cells, forming extracellular vesicles.
Asexual reproduction occurs by spores, by fragmentation of the rosettes, and by formation of apical tubers. Spores are large (45 to 200 μ) and formed in tetrads. [2] The sporophyte of Riccia is the simplest amongst bryophytes. It consist of only a capsule, missing both foot and seta, and does not perform photosynthesis. [8]