Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
In this way, DNQ has become an important reagent in photoresist technology in the semiconductor industry. [1] Diazonaphthoquinone sulfonic acid esters are components of common photoresist materials. Such photoresists are used in the manufacture of semiconductors. [2] [3] [4] In this application DNQs are mixed with Novolac resin, a type of ...
A photoresist (also known simply as a resist) is a light-sensitive material used in several processes, such as photolithography and photoengraving, to form a patterned coating on a surface. This process is crucial in the electronics industry. [1] The process begins by coating a substrate with a light-sensitive organic material.
The term comes from Swedish "lack" for lacquer and Latin "novo" for new, since these materials were envisioned to replace natural lacquers such as copal resin. Typically novolaks are prepared by the condensation of phenol or a mixture of p- and m-cresol with formaldehyde (as formalin). The reaction is acid catalyzed.
In either case, the curing agent is a source of formaldehyde which provides bridges between novolac chains, eventually completely crosslinking the system. [2] Novolacs have multiple uses as tire tackifier, high temperature resin, binder for carbon bonded refractories, carbon brakes, photoresists and as a curing agent for epoxy resins.
Positive photoresists are composed of a novolac resin, ethyl lactate solvent, and Diazonaphthaquinone (DQ) as the photoactive compound. [9] Positive photoresist reacts with light to cause the polymer to break down and become soluble in a developer solution. Positive resist has better resistance to etchant than negative photoresist.
Photothermal therapy (PTT) refers to efforts to use electromagnetic radiation (most often in infrared wavelengths) for the treatment of various medical conditions, including cancer. This neurotherapy is an extension of photodynamic therapy , in which a photosensitizer is excited with specific band light.
There is currently no known pharmacological treatment to hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy. However, the majority of people with these diseases are able to walk and be self-sufficient. [3] Some methods of relief for the disease include physical therapy, stretching, braces, and sometimes orthopedic surgery.
Small fiber peripheral neuropathy is a type of peripheral neuropathy that occurs from damage to the small unmyelinated and myelinated peripheral nerve fibers. These fibers, categorized as C fibers and small Aδ fibers , are present in skin , peripheral nerves , and organs. [ 1 ]