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The majority of drugs used in cancer chemotherapy are cytostatic, many via cytotoxicity. A fundamental philosophy of medical oncology , including combination chemotherapy, is that different drugs work through different mechanisms, and that the results of using multiple drugs will be synergistic to some extent.
Besides the aforementioned physiologic forms, IMB may also represent abnormal uterine bleeding and be a sign of an underlying disorder, such as a hormone imbalance, endometriosis, uterine fibroids, uterine cancer, or vaginal cancer. [citation needed] If the bleeding is repeated and heavy, it can cause significant iron-deficiency anemia.
Mittelschmerz (German: [ˈmɪtl̩ʃmɛʁt͡s] ⓘ) is a term for pain due to ovulation. It occurs mid-cycle (between days 7 and 24) and can last minutes to up to several days. [4] The pain affects one side of the lower abdomen and may be dull or sharp in nature. [1] [2] Other symptoms may include spotting. [1] Often it occurs monthly and may ...
G (1–4): the grade of the cancer cells (i.e. they are "low grade" if they appear similar to normal cells, and "high grade" if they appear poorly differentiated) S (0–3): elevation of serum tumor markers; R (0–2): the completeness of the operation (resection-boundaries free of cancer cells or not) Pn (0–1): invasion into adjunct nerves
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Once a diagnosis of dysmenorrhea is made, further workup is required to search for any secondary underlying cause of it, in order to be able to treat it specifically and to avoid the aggravation of a perhaps serious underlying cause. Further work-up includes a specific medical history of symptoms and menstrual cycles and a pelvic examination. [6]
Cancer pain treatment aims to relieve pain with minimal adverse treatment effects, allowing the person a good quality of life and level of function and a relatively painless death. [27] Though 80–90 percent of cancer pain can be eliminated or well controlled, nearly half of all people with cancer pain in the developed world and more than 80 ...
Current Medical Diagnosis and Treatment is a standard medical reference work [1] published by McGraw-Hill. It is updated annually and the current 2022 version is its 61st edition. [ 2 ] The editors of the 61st edition were Stephen McPhee, Maxine Papadakis, Michael Rabow and Kenneth McQuaid.