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Prophylactic salpingo-oophorectomy (removal of the ovaries and fallopian tubes to prevent cancer) is recommended at age 35-40 for people with BRCA1 mutations and at age 40-45 for people with BRCA2 mutations. [6] An increasing number women who test positive for faulty BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes choose to have risk-reducing surgery. At the same time ...
Most cancer isn't caused by BRCA mutations — they account for 5 percent to 10 percent of breast cancers and 15 percent of ovarian cancers — so the gene tests aren't for everyone. But mutations ...
There is likely little or no effect of a BRCA gene mutation on overall fertility, [19] although women with a BRCA mutation may be more likely to have primary ovarian insufficiency. [20] [21] BRCA mutation carriers may be more likely to give birth to girls than boys, [22] however this observation has been attributed to ascertainment bias. [23] [24]
Genetic testing does not detect cancers, but may reveal a propensity to develop cancer. Women who are known to have a higher risk of developing breast cancer usually undertake more aggressive screening programs. However, research has shown that genetic screening needs to be adapted for use in women from different ethnic groups.
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Genetic testing is often done as part of a genetic consultation and as of mid-2008 there were more than 1,200 clinically applicable genetic tests available. [23] Once a person decides to proceed with genetic testing, a medical geneticist, genetic counselor, primary care doctor, or specialist can order the test after obtaining informed consent .
The MammaPrint gene pattern is a commercial-stage 70-gene panel marketed by Agendia, [74] that was developed in patients under age 55 years who had lymph node negative breast cancers. [72] The commercial test is marketed for use in breast cancer irrespective of estrogen receptor (ER) status. [72]
Triple-negative breast cancer comprises 15–20% of all breast cancer cases [3] and affects more young women or women with a mutation in the BRCA1 gene than other breast cancers. [4] Triple-negative breast cancers comprise a very heterogeneous group of cancers. TNBC is the most challenging breast cancer type to treat. [5]