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It is often referred to simply as the elastic modulus. The shear modulus or modulus of rigidity (G or Lamé second parameter) describes an object's tendency to shear (the deformation of shape at constant volume) when acted upon by opposing forces; it is defined as shear stress over shear strain.
Young's modulus is the slope of the linear part of the stress–strain curve for a material under tension or compression. Young's modulus (or Young modulus) is a mechanical property of solid materials that measures the tensile or compressive stiffness when the force is applied lengthwise. It is the modulus of elasticity for tension or axial ...
Elastic properties describe the reversible deformation (elastic response) of a material to an applied stress. They are a subset of the material properties that provide a quantitative description of the characteristics of a material, like its strength. Material properties are most often characterized by a set of numerical parameters called moduli.
The yield stress can be assumed to have been increased by 15% or more for design purposes. The yield stress value of cold-formed steel is usually between 33ksi and 80ksi. The measured values of modulus of elasticity based on the standard methods usually range from 29,000 to 30,000 ksi (200 to 207 GPa). A value of 29,500 ksi (203 GPa) is ...
Volume, modulus of elasticity, distribution of forces, and yield strength affect the impact strength of a material. In order for a material or object to have a high impact strength, the stresses must be distributed evenly throughout the object. It also must have a large volume with a low modulus of elasticity and a high material yield strength. [7]
A36 steel has a Poisson's ratio of 0.26 and a shear modulus of 11,500 ksi (79.3 GPa). [7] A36 steel in plates, bars, and shapes with a thickness of less than 8 inches (203 millimeters) has a minimum yield strength of 36 ksi (250 MPa) and ultimate tensile strength of 58–80 ksi (400–550 MPa).
ASTM A992 is currently the most available steel type for structural wide-flange beams. The industry's technical institute describes the standard thus: "ASTM A992 (Fy = 50 ksi, Fu = 65 ksi) is the preferred material specification for wide-flange shapes, having replaced ASTM A36 and A572 grade 50. There are a couple of noteworthy enhancements ...
Young's modulus and shear modulus are only for solids, whereas the bulk modulus is for solids, liquids, and gases. The elasticity of materials is described by a stress–strain curve, which shows the relation between stress (the average restorative internal force per unit area) and strain (the relative deformation). [2]