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Peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) is intraperitoneal dissemination of any form of cancer that does not originate from the peritoneum itself. PC is most commonly seen in abdominopelvic malignancies. PC is most commonly seen in abdominopelvic malignancies.
For the most common cause, peritoneal carcinomatosis, omental caking is associated with a wide variety of symptoms. Ascites and intestinal peristalsis is known to have an effect on how diffusely the cancer cells are spread throughout the abdomen. This wide range of presentation makes omental caking difficult to diagnose based on symptoms alone. [5]
Fluid produced by the cells can produce ascites which is typical in carcinomatosis, but less common in peritoneal sarcomatosis. [1] Fluid can be serous as seen in primary peritoneal carcinoma or mucinous such as found in pseudomyxoma peritonei which is typically a tumor derived from the appendix .
Pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) is a clinical condition caused by cancerous cells (mucinous adenocarcinoma) that produce abundant mucin or gelatinous ascites. [1] The tumors cause fibrosis of tissues and impede digestion or organ function, and if left untreated, the tumors and mucin they produce will fill the abdominal cavity.
Furthermore, women with BRCA1/2 mutation have a 5% risk of developing primary peritoneal cancer even after prophylactic oophorectomy. Primary peritoneal carcinoma shows similar rates of tumor suppressor gene dysfunction ( p53 , BRCA, WT1 ) as ovarian cancer and can also show an increased expression of HER-2/neu.
The common Müllerian origin of the Fallopian tubes, uterus, cervix, and upper vagina has resulted in the proposal that peritoneal high-grade serous carcinoma is a spectrum of a single disease. [22] Relevant animal models of HGSC can only be developed when the cell origin is properly understood.
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Some α emitting isotopes such as 225 Ac and 213 Bi are only available in limited quantities from 229 Th decay, although cyclotron production is feasible. [9] [10] [11] Among alpha-emitting radiometals according to availability, chelation chemistry, and half-life, 212 Pb is also a promising candidate for targeted alpha-therapy.