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Colporrhaphy (also vaginal wall repair, anterior and/or posterior colporrhaphy, anterior and/or posterior vaginal wall repair, or simply A/P repair or A&P repair) is a surgical procedure in women that repairs a defect in the wall of the vagina.
Surgery to the vagina is done to correct congenital defects to the vagina, urethra and rectum. It may correct protrusion of the urinary bladder into the vagina and protrusion of the rectum into the vagina. [1] Often, a vaginoplasty is performed to repair the vagina and its attached structures due to trauma or injury.
Perineoplasty (also perineorrhaphy) denotes the plastic surgery procedures used to correct clinical conditions (damage, defect, deformity) of the vagina and the anus. [1] [2] [3] Among the vagino-anal conditions resolved by perineoplasty are vaginal looseness, vaginal itching, damaged perineum, fecal incontinence, genital warts, dyspareunia, vaginal stenosis, vaginismus, vulvar vestibulitis ...
For posterior vaginal repair, the use of mesh or graft material does not seem to provide any benefits. [14] Compared to native tissue repair, transvaginal permanent mesh likely reduces the perception of vaginal prolapse sensation, the risk of recurrent prolapse, and of having repeat surgery specifically only for prolapse.
Another procedure is posterior colporrhaphy, which involves suturing of vaginal tissue. Surgery may also involve insertion of a supporting mesh (that is, a patch). [8] There are also surgical techniques directed at repairing or strengthening the rectovaginal septum, rather than simple excision or plication of vaginal skin which provides no support.
Episiotomy, also known as perineotomy, is a surgical incision of the perineum and the posterior vaginal wall generally done by an obstetrician.This is usually performed during the second stage of labor to quickly enlarge the aperture, allowing the baby to pass through.
Doctors began performing episiotomies regularly in the 1920s, as they believed that it would be easier to repair, and cause less trauma and damage overall, than a natural vaginal tear.
Comparison between the vaginal condition before and after conducting perineoplasty. Perineorrhaphy is a common technique that is involved in the procedure, which aims to repair the perineum (i.e. the area between the vagina and anus) surgically. [24] It can be performed with or without levator ani plication to tighten the pelvic floor muscles. [24]