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Tidal range is the difference in height between high tide and low tide. Tides are the rise and fall of sea levels caused by gravitational forces exerted by the Moon and Sun , by Earth's rotation and by centrifugal force caused by Earth's progression around the Earth-Moon barycenter .
Mean high water springs (MHWS) – The average of the two high tides on the days of spring tides. Mean high water neaps (MHWN) – The average of the two high tides on the days of neap tides. Mean sea level (MSL) – This is the average sea level. The MSL is constant for any location over a long period.
The dates of spring tides and neap tides, approximately seven days apart, can be determined by the heights of the tides on the classic tide tables: a small range indicates neaps and large indicates springs. This cycle of tides is linked to the phases of the moon, with the highest tides (spring tides) occurring near full moon and new moon.
High and low tide in the Bay of Fundy. The theory of tides is the application of continuum mechanics to interpret and predict the tidal deformations of planetary and satellite bodies and their atmospheres and oceans (especially Earth's oceans) under the gravitational loading of another astronomical body or bodies (especially the Moon and Sun).
Head of tide, tidal limit [2] or tidehead [3] is the farthest point upstream where a river is affected by tidal fluctuations, [4] or where the fluctuations are less than a certain amount. [5] The river section influenced by tides and marine forces but without salinity is a tidal river , while downstream areas are brackish and termed estuaries .
Body tides also exist in other astronomical objects, such as planets and moons. In Earth's moon, body tides "vary by about ±0.1 m each month." [11] It plays a key role in long-term dynamics of planetary systems. For example, it is due to body tides in the Moon that it is captured into the 1:1 spin-orbit resonance and is always showing us one side.
The tides produced by these two bodies are roughly comparable in magnitude, but the orbital motion of the Moon results in tidal patterns that vary over the course of a month. The ebb and flow of the tides produce a cyclical current along the coast, and the strength of this current can be quite dramatic along narrow estuaries.
These zones are created by the tidal movements of water along the rocky shores from high to low-tide. They are: The supralittoral zone or splash zone: area above the high-tide mark, which is virtually a terrestrial environment. Occasionally gets splashed, but never gets covered by the ocean. [4] The intertidal fringe: area around the high-tide ...