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MI1 or British Military Intelligence, Section 1 was a department of the British Directorate of Military Intelligence, part of the War Office. It was set up during World War I. It contained "C&C", which was responsible for code breaking. [1] Its subsections in World War I were; MI1a: Distribution of reports, intelligence records.
During World War I, British secret services were divided into numbered sections named Military Intelligence, department number x, abbreviated to MIx, such as MI1 for information management. The branch, department, section, and sub-section numbers varied through the life of the department; examples include:
Organised intelligence collection and planning for the Government of the United Kingdom and the British Empire was established during the 19th century. The War Office, responsible for the administration of the British Army, formed the Intelligence Branch in 1873, which became the Directorate of Military Intelligence.
Of the 15 killed six were Army Intelligence Officers, two were Courts Martial Officers, one was a senior Staff Officer serving with Irish Command (Brevet Lieut-Colonel Hugh Montgomery), three policemen (all former British military), two civilians (all former British military) and one local civilian. [5]
The decoding by British Naval intelligence of the Zimmermann telegram helped bring the United States into the war. Trench codes were used by field armies of most of the combatants (Americans, British, French, German) in World War I. [1] The most commonly used codes were simple substitution ciphers. More important messages generally used ...
Brigadier General John Charteris, CMG, DSO (8 January 1877 – 4 February 1946) was a British Army officer. During the First World War, he was the Chief of Intelligence at the British Expeditionary Force General Headquarters from 1915 to 1918.
Colonel Richard Meinertzhagen, CBE, DSO (3 March 1878 – 17 June 1967) [1] was a British soldier, intelligence officer, and ornithologist.He had a decorated military career spanning Africa and the Middle East.
In 1919, Room 40 was deactivated and its function merged with the British Army's intelligence unit MI1b to form the Government Code and Cypher School (GC&CS). [38] This unit was housed at Bletchley Park during the Second World War and subsequently renamed Government Communications Headquarters (GCHQ) and relocated to Cheltenham.