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  2. Hyperbolic functions - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperbolic_functions

    A ray through the unit hyperbola x 2 − y 2 = 1 at the point (cosh a, sinh a), where a is twice the area between the ray, the hyperbola, and the x-axis. For points on the hyperbola below the x-axis, the area is considered negative (see animated version with comparison with the trigonometric (circular) functions).

  3. Inverse hyperbolic functions - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inverse_hyperbolic_functions

    For all inverse hyperbolic functions, the principal value may be defined in terms of principal values of the square root and the logarithm function. However, in some cases, the formulas of § Definitions in terms of logarithms do not give a correct principal value, as giving a domain of definition which is too small and, in one case non-connected.

  4. List of trigonometric identities - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_trigonometric...

    A formula for computing the trigonometric identities for the one-third angle exists, but it requires finding the zeroes of the cubic equation 4x 3 − 3x + d = 0, where is the value of the cosine function at the one-third angle and d is the known value of the cosine function at the full angle.

  5. Trigonometric substitution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trigonometric_substitution

    In the integral , we may use = ⁡, = ⁡, = ⁡. Then, = ⁡ ⁡ = ⁡ (⁡) = ⁡ ⁡ = = + = ⁡ +. The above step requires that > and ⁡ > We can choose to be the principal root of , and impose the restriction / < < / by using the inverse sine function.

  6. Trigonometric functions of matrices - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trigonometric_functions_of...

    The analog of the Pythagorean trigonometric identity holds: [2] ⁡ + ⁡ = If X is a diagonal matrix, sin X and cos X are also diagonal matrices with (sin X) nn = sin(X nn) and (cos X) nn = cos(X nn), that is, they can be calculated by simply taking the sines or cosines of the matrices's diagonal components.

  7. List of integrals of hyperbolic functions - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_integrals_of...

    This page was last edited on 18 December 2023, at 16:57 (UTC).; Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License; additional terms may apply.

  8. Small-angle approximation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small-angle_approximation

    The red section on the right, d, is the difference between the lengths of the hypotenuse, H, and the adjacent side, A.As is shown, H and A are almost the same length, meaning cos θ is close to 1 and ⁠ θ 2 / 2 ⁠ helps trim the red away.

  9. Hyperbolic coordinates - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperbolic_coordinates

    Starting from (1,1) the hyperbolic sector of unit area ends at (e, 1/e), where e is 2.71828…, according to the development of Leonhard Euler in Introduction to the Analysis of the Infinite (1748). Taking (e, 1/e) as the vertex of rectangle of unit area, and applying again the squeeze that made it from the unit square, yields ( e 2 , e − 2 ...