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The 100-ton gun (also known as the Armstrong 100-ton gun) [6] was a British coastal defense gun and is the world's largest black powder cannon. It was a 17.72-inch (450 mm) rifled muzzle-loading (RML) gun made by Elswick Ordnance Company , the armaments division of the British manufacturing company Armstrong Whitworth , owned by William Armstrong .
It was not until March 1883 that the guns arrived at Gibraltar, aboard the SS Stanley, and it took from 12 July to 1 September to move the gun to the battery. The gun was finally mounted on its barbette on 12 September 1883. [2] The battery's design was similar to that of the 100 ton gun batteries on the British-ruled island of Malta.
In 2010 Gibraltar and Malta jointly issued a four-stamp set of stamps featuring the two countries' 100-ton guns. Two stamps show the gun at Napier of Magdala Battery, and two the gun at Fort Rinella. One of each pair is a view from 1882, and the other is a view from 2010.
1 made; 16-inch conversion of a 18-inch Mk I (40 caliber) gun; an experimental gun used for prototype for the 16"/45 (40.6 cm) Mark I guns destined for the Nelson-class battleships; never used in combat (this gun was not used in combat as 18-inch gun and not used in combat after conversion into 16-inch gun); none survives [29]
At Napier of Magdala Battery one of the two 100-ton RML 17.72 inch guns is still in situ and has been restored, along with a 3.7 inch quick-firing anti-aircraft gun. The site is now run by the Gibraltar Tourist Board in conjunction with the Nature Reserve. [83] Some of the 18th and 20th century tunnels can also be visited.
His award acknowledged the role he played in arranging the annual Marble Tor exercises that involved refurbishment of heritage sites, including not only Princess Anne's Battery, but also Flat Bastion Magazine, Parson's Lodge Battery, Witham's Cemetery, and the 100 ton gun. [21] In May 2011, the Gibraltar Heritage Trust sponsored the 22nd annual ...
The British installed a second pair of 100-ton guns to defend Gibraltar, mounting one each in Victoria Battery (1879) and Napier of Magdala Battery (1883), which did not have Cambridge or Rinella's self-defence capabilities. The gun at Cambridge was eventually scrapped, and today only two 100-ton guns survive, at Rinella and Napier of Magdala.
In 1878 two RML 9 inch 12 ton guns were proposed and installed at the battery in June 1881, but later dismounted in 1900. In July 1896 work started on a new platform to the north of the battery for two QF 12 pounder 12 cwt naval Mark I guns which were ready on 31 August 1896.