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Hürthle cell neoplasms can be separated into Hürthle cell adenomas (benign tumours) and carcinomas (malignant tumours) [5] arising from the follicular epithelium of the thyroid gland. [6] The latter is a relatively rare form of differentiated thyroid cancer, accounting for only 3-10% of all differentiated thyroid cancers, [ 7 ] and was ...
Nuclear atypia refers to abnormal appearance of cell nuclei. It is a term used in cytopathology and histopathology. Atypical nuclei are often pleomorphic. Nuclear atypia can be seen in reactive changes, pre-neoplastic changes and malignancy. Severe nuclear atypia is, in most cases, considered an indicator of malignancy.
The thyroid, or thyroid gland, is an endocrine gland in vertebrates. In humans, it is a butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck below the Adam's apple. It consists of two connected lobes. The lower two thirds of the lobes are connected by a thin band of tissue called the isthmus (pl.: isthmi).
Marked atypia of type 2 pneumocytes is a characteristic finding in association with treatment with busulfan and other chemotherapeutic agents.. Atypia (from Greek, a + typos, without type; a condition of being irregular or nonstandard) [1] is a histopathologic term for a structural abnormality in a cell, i.e. it is used to describe atypical cells.
Pleomorphism is a term used in histology and cytopathology to describe variability in the size, shape and staining of cells and/or their nuclei. Several key determinants of cell and nuclear size, like ploidy and the regulation of cellular metabolism , are commonly disrupted in tumors . [ 1 ]
Thyroid follicular cells form a simple cuboidal epithelium and are arranged in spherical thyroid follicles surrounding a fluid filled space known as the colloid. The interior space formed by the follicular cells is known as the follicular lumen .
Follicular thyroid cancer accounts for 15% of thyroid cancer and occurs more commonly in women over 50 years of age. Thyroglobulin (Tg) can be used as a tumor marker for well-differentiated follicular thyroid cancer. Thyroid follicular cells are the thyroid cells responsible for the production and secretion of thyroid hormones.
The cells of anaplastic thyroid cancer are highly abnormal and usually no longer resemble the original thyroid cells and have poor differentiation. ATC is an uncommon form of thyroid cancer only accounting for 1-2% of cases, but due to its high mortality, is responsible for 20-50% of deaths from thyroid cancer. [2]