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Construction estimating software. Construction cost estimating software is computer software designed for contractors to estimate construction costs for a specific project. A cost estimator will typically use estimating software to estimate their bid price for a project, which will ultimately become part of a resulting construction contract.
ASPE is the American Society of Professional Estimators. It was founded in 1956 [1] by about 20 cost estimators in Los Angeles, California, USA. [2] In 1974, there were 10 chapters totalling 600 members. By 1977, there were 23 chapters totalling 1500 members. The society's web page states that there are thousands [clarification needed] of ...
A cost estimate is the approximation of the cost of a program, project, or operation. The cost estimate is the product of the cost estimating process. The cost estimate has a single total value and may have identifiable component values. A problem with a cost overrun can be avoided with a credible, reliable, and accurate cost estimate.
Cost engineering is "the engineering practice devoted to the management of project cost, involving such activities as estimating, cost control, cost forecasting, investment appraisal and risk analysis". [ 1] ". Cost Engineers budget, plan and monitor investment projects. They seek the optimum balance between cost, quality and time requirements."
Zazzle is an American online marketplace that allows designers and customers to create their own products with independent manufacturers (clothing, posters, etc.), as well as use images from participating companies. Zazzle has partnered with many brands to amass a collection of digital images from companies like Disney, Warner Brothers and NCAA ...
In statistics, maximum likelihood estimation ( MLE) is a method of estimating the parameters of an assumed probability distribution, given some observed data. This is achieved by maximizing a likelihood function so that, under the assumed statistical model, the observed data is most probable. The point in the parameter space that maximizes the ...
The basic idea of importance sampling is to sample the states from a different distribution to lower the variance of the estimation of E [ X;P ], or when sampling from P is difficult. This is accomplished by first choosing a random variable such that E [ L; P ] = 1 and that P - almost everywhere . With the variable L we define a probability ...
As defined by Theil (1950), the Theil–Sen estimator of a set of two-dimensional points (xi, yi) is the median m of the slopes (yj − yi)/ (xj − xi) determined by all pairs of sample points. Sen (1968) extended this definition to handle the case in which two data points have the same x coordinate. In Sen's definition, one takes the median ...