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  2. Second-harmonic generation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second-harmonic_generation

    Energy level scheme of SHG process. Second-harmonic generation (SHG), also known as frequency doubling, is the lowest-order wave-wave nonlinear interaction that occurs in various systems, including optical, radio, atmospheric, and magnetohydrodynamic systems. [1] As a prototype behavior of waves, SHG is widely used, for example, in doubling ...

  3. Angular frequency - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angular_frequency

    A sphere rotating around an axis. Points farther from the axis move faster, satisfying ω = v / r.. In physics, angular frequency (symbol ω), also called angular speed and angular rate, is a scalar measure of the angle rate (the angle per unit time) or the temporal rate of change of the phase argument of a sinusoidal waveform or sine function (for example, in oscillations and waves).

  4. Wavenumber - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wavenumber

    In the physical sciences, the wavenumber (or wave number), also known as repetency, [1] is the spatial frequency of a wave, measured in cycles per unit distance (ordinary wavenumber) or radians per unit distance (angular wavenumber). [2][3][4] It is analogous to temporal frequency, which is defined as the number of wave cycles per unit time ...

  5. Harmonic oscillator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harmonic_oscillator

    A simple harmonic oscillator is an oscillator that is neither driven nor damped. It consists of a mass m, which experiences a single force F, which pulls the mass in the direction of the point x = 0 and depends only on the position x of the mass and a constant k. Balance of forces (Newton's second law) for the system is.

  6. Four-wave mixing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Four-wave_mixing

    Four-wave mixing (FWM) is an intermodulation phenomenon in nonlinear optics, whereby interactions between two or three wavelengths produce two or one new wavelengths. It is similar to the third-order intercept point in electrical systems. Four-wave mixing can be compared to the intermodulation distortion in standard electrical systems.

  7. Frequency - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frequency

    Frequency is an important parameter used in science and engineering to specify the rate of oscillatory and vibratory phenomena, such as mechanical vibrations, audio signals (sound), radio waves, and light. For example, if a heart beats at a frequency of 120 times per minute (2 hertz), the period—the interval between beats—is half a second ...

  8. Wave power - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wave_power

    Wave power is the capture of energy of wind waves to do useful work – for example, electricity generation, water desalination, or pumping water. A machine that exploits wave power is a wave energy converter (WEC). Waves are generated primarily by wind passing over the sea's surface and also by tidal forces, temperature variations, and other ...

  9. Parametric oscillator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parametric_oscillator

    Parametric oscillator. One of the first varactor parametric amplifiers, invented at Bell Labs around 1958. This 4 stage amplifier achieved 10 dB gain at 400 MHz. Parametric amplifiers are used in applications requiring extremely low noise. A parametric oscillator is a driven harmonic oscillator in which the oscillations are driven by varying ...