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The phonology of Standard Chinese has historically derived from the Beijing dialect of Mandarin. However, pronunciation varies widely among speakers, who may introduce elements of their local varieties. Television and radio announcers are chosen for their ability to affect a standard accent.
A native tradition of Chinese phonology developed in the Middle Chinese period. Chinese linguists had long compiled dictionaries and attempted to identify the pronunciation of difficult characters by specifying homophone characters.
Standard Chinese (also called Mandarin Chinese) is a member of the Northern family; it is based on the pronunciation of the Beijing dialect. There are, therefore, two meanings of Mandarin Chinese, one referring to the Northern dialect family and one referring to the standard dialect.
Pinyin System. Pinyin, literally meaning “spell out the sound”, is the Romanized phonetic transcription of the Chinese language. The system is now used in China to teach Chinese to students and internationally as a second language.
This chapter introduces key analyses to Chinese phonology: syllable structure, segmental allophony, and tone. Chinese syllables maximally consist (Consonant)-(Glide)-Vowel-(Consonant), where the elements in the parentheses are optional.
Mandarin (/ ˈmændərɪn / ⓘ MAN-dər-in; simplified Chinese : 官话; traditional Chinese : 官話; pinyin : Guānhuà; lit. 'officials' speech') is a group of Chinese language dialects that are natively spoken across most of northern and southwestern China.
Not only is it rich in detailed and amazingly accurate factual description, it also proposes elegant theoretical solutions to many long-standing problems in Chinese phonology, such as word length variation, word order, and the application of the third tone sandhi.
With a few exceptions, the phonology of Standard Mandarin is very similar to the Beijing Dialect. Close to a billion people speak Mandarin natively in some dialectal form, for which there exist eight distinct subgroups, each with their own phonological distinctions.
This article summarizes the phonology (the sound system, or in more general terms, the pronunciation) of Standard Chinese (Standard Mandarin). Standard Chinese is based on the Beijing dialect of Mandarin.
The terminologies are the keys to understanding traditional phonology. They are frequently used in the phonological studies for all periods: Old Chinese, Middle Chinese, Old Mandarin, and even Modern Mandarin.