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Corneal transplantation, also known as corneal grafting, is a surgical procedure where a damaged or diseased cornea is replaced by donated corneal tissue (the graft). When the entire cornea is replaced it is known as penetrating keratoplasty and when only part of the cornea is replaced it is known as lamellar keratoplasty .
While conventional cornea transplant uses donor tissue for transplant, an artificial cornea is used in the keratoprosthesis procedure. The surgery is performed to restore vision in patients with severely damaged cornea due to congenital birth defects, infections, injuries and burns.
Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) is a method of corneal transplantation that involves the removal of a thin sheet of tissue from the posterior (innermost) side of a person's cornea to replace it with the two posterior (innermost) layers of corneal tissue from a donor's eyeball.
Osteo-odonto-keratoprosthesis (OOKP), also known as "tooth in eye" surgery, [1] is a medical procedure to restore vision in the most severe cases of corneal and ocular surface patients. It includes removal of a tooth from the patient or a donor.
In November 2023, surgeons at NYU Langone Health announced the first successful eye transplantation, [8] which was carried out as part of a partial face transplant in an operation that took 21 hours. [8] The recipient, Aaron James, had lost the left side of his face with his eye, nose and mouth in a high-voltage power line accident. [8]
PDEK is different from the whole cornea transplantation in which the transplantation of entire donor cornea to the recipient is done. [2] [3] Normal corneal thickness is about 520 to 540 microns in the centre and 600 to 620 microns in the periphery. [4] Pre descemet's layer which is dissected in PDEK, measures about 10.15±3.6 microns thick. [5]
A corneal button is a replacement cornea to be transplanted in the place of a damaged, diseased or opacified cornea, normally approximately 8.5–9.0mm in diameter. [1] It is used in a corneal transplantation procedure (also corneal grafting) whereby the whole, or part, of a cornea is replaced. [2]
The Boston KPro is a treatment option for corneal disorders not amenable to standard penetrating keratoplasty (corneal transplantation) or corneal transplant. The Boston KPro is a proven primary treatment option for repeat graft failure, [5] herpetic keratitis, [6] aniridia [7] and many pediatric congenital corneal opacities including Peter's anomaly. [8]