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Tumbaga is the name given by Spanish Conquistadors for a non-specific alloy of gold and copper, and metals composed of these elements. Pieces made of tumbaga were widely found in pre-Columbian Mesoamerica in North America and South America. The term is a borrowing from the Tagalog tumbaga. This came from Malay tembaga, meaning 'copper' or ...
41 of the 118 known elements have names associated with, or specifically named for, places around the world or among astronomical objects. 32 of these have names tied to the places on Earth, and the other nine are named after to Solar System objects: helium for the Sun; tellurium for the Earth; selenium for the Moon; mercury (indirectly), uranium, neptunium and plutonium after their respective ...
32 of these have names tied to the Earth and the other 10 have names connected to bodies in the Solar System. The first tables below list the terrestrial locations (excluding the entire Earth itself, taken as a whole) and the last table lists astronomical objects which the chemical elements are named after. [1]
The historic Cíbola on the other hand is recorded in Spanish sources as another name for the Zuñi pueblo and the surrounding country. The Spanish soon discovered rich copper and turquoise mines in the Pueblo country which made the region famous for its mineral wealth even in recent times.
Metal-bearing ores were discovered by the Spanish colonists in Cuba, who thought at first that they had found gold. [6] El Cobre was the first copper mine to be opened by the Spanish colonists, starting operations in 1544. [2] This was the first open pit copper mine in the Americas. [5]
McKnight and Courcier profited greatly from the rich copper mining operation and amassed a large fortune from it. [6] Native copper from Chino (size: 11.2 x 9.3 x 0.4 cm). Chino is well known among mineral collectors for its many native-copper specimens [7] Santa Rita was located in the heart of Apache country and was plagued by Apache raids.
During and after the Conquest, the working of the metal by the indigenous was disrupted. Many of the villages of the Pátzcuaro area were abandoned in large part due to the abuses by conquistador Nuño de Guzmán. The Spanish were soon aware of the copper deposits of this region and the indigenous’ ability to work it.
The nationalization of the Chilean copper industry, commonly described as the Chileanization of copper (Spanish: Chilenización del cobre) [1] was the process by which the Chilean government acquired control of the major foreign-owned section of the Chilean copper mining industry. It involved the three huge mines known as 'La Gran Mineria' and ...