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The NEA was also pressured to rely on formulas for arts assessment. Frank Hodsoll (chairperson from 1981 to 1989) and John Frohnmayer (chairperson from 1989 to 1992 during the heart of the NEA Four controversy) both had to fight such political pressure to retain the peer review model as well as their own roles within the NEA. [6]
Tim Miller (born September 22, 1958, in Pasadena, California) is an American performance artist and writer, whose pieces frequently involve gay identity, marriage equality and immigration issues. He was one of the NEA Four, four performance artists whose National Endowment for the Arts grants were vetoed in 1990 by NEA chair John Frohnmayer. [1]
The National Endowment for the Arts was created during the term of President Lyndon B. Johnson under the general auspices of the Great Society.According to historian Karen Patricia Heath, "Johnson personally was not much interested in the acquisition of knowledge, cultural or otherwise, for its own sake, nor did he have time for art appreciation or meeting with artists."
As of 2012, the NEA had awarded more than $4 billion to support artistic excellence, creativity, and innovation for the benefit of individuals and communities. [1] Since its establishment, the NEA has funded thousands of individual artists and arts organizations. In 1989, two controversial works were partially or fully funded by NEA grants.
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Holly Hughes (born March 10, 1955) is an American lesbian performance artist. [1] [2]She began as a feminist painter in New York City but is best known for her connection with the NEA Four, with whom she was denied funding from the National Endowment for the Arts, and for her work with the Women's One World Cafe.
How “Beatles '64” Reveals the Fab Four's Success in America Was Linked to John F. Kennedy's Death (Exclusive) Jordan Runtagh. December 6, 2024 at 7:30 AM ... artists and other notables, ...
Karen Finley (born 1956) is an American performance artist, musician, poet, and educator. [1] The case, National Endowment for the Arts v.Finley (1998), argued in front of the U.S. Supreme Court, was decided against Finley and the other artists. [2]