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1.602 176 634 × 10 −19 c [1] The elementary charge , usually denoted by e , is a fundamental physical constant , defined as the electric charge carried by a single proton (+1 e) or, equivalently, the magnitude of the negative electric charge carried by a single electron , which has charge −1 e .
An electronvolt is the amount of energy gained or lost by a single electron when it moves through an electric potential difference of one volt.Hence, it has a value of one volt, which is 1 J/C, multiplied by the elementary charge e = 1.602 176 634 × 10 −19 C. [2]
The thermal voltage depends on absolute temperature T as = =, where q is the magnitude of the electrical charge on the electron with a value 1.602 176 634 × 10 −19 C. [6] Equivalently, V T T = k q ≈ 8.617333262 × 10 − 5 V / K . {\displaystyle {V_{\mathrm {T} } \over T}={k \over q}\approx 8.617333262\times 10^{-5}\ \mathrm {V/K} .}
Sten von Friesen measured the value with a new electron diffraction method, and the oil drop experiment was redone. Both gave high numbers. By 1937 it was "quite obvious" that Millikan's value could not be maintained any longer, and the established value became (4.800 ± 0.005) × 10 −10 statC or (1.6011 ± 0.0017) × 10 −19 C. [16]
The value for elementary charge, when expressed in SI units, is exactly 1.602 176 634 × 10 −19 C. [1] After discovering the quantized character of charge, in 1891, George Stoney proposed the unit 'electron' for this fundamental unit of electrical charge. J. J. Thomson subsequently
Then the value of the elementary charge e defined to be 1.602 176 634 × 10 −19 C. [3] Since the coulomb is the reciprocal of the elementary charge, 1 C = 1 1.602 176 634 × 10 − 19 e . {\displaystyle 1~\mathrm {C} ={\frac {1}{1.602\,176\,634\times 10^{-19}}}~e.} it is approximately 6 241 509 074 460 762 607 .776 e and is thus not an ...
1.602 176 634 × 10 −19 C ... 1.6 × 10 −10: electron mass: 9.109 383 7139 (28) × 10 −31 kg [25] 3.1 × ...
Electrons have an electric charge of −1.602 176 634 × 10 −19 coulombs, [80] which is used as a standard unit of charge for subatomic particles, and is also called the elementary charge. Within the limits of experimental accuracy, the electron charge is identical to the charge of a proton, but with the opposite sign. [ 83 ]