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Orthodox Tewahedo music refers to sacred music of the Ethiopian and Eritrean Orthodox Tewahedo Church. The music was long associated with Zema (chant), developed by the six century composer Yared . It is essential part of liturgical service in the Church and classified into fourteen anaphoras, with the normal use being the Twelve Apostles .
Ethiopian liturgical chant, or Zema, is a form of Christian liturgical chant practiced by the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The related musical notation is known as melekket . [ 3 ]
A debtera (or dabtara; [1] Ge'ez/Tigrinya/Amharic: ደብተራ (Däbtära); plural, Ge'ez\Tigrinya: debterat, Amharic: debtrawoch [2]) is an itinerant religious figure in the Ethiopian and Eritrean Orthodox Tewahedo Churches, [3] and the Beta Israel, [4] who sings hymns and dances for churchgoers, and who performs exorcisms and white magic to aid the congregation.
Ethiopian Orthodox believers are strict Trinitarians, [57] maintaining the Orthodox teaching that God is united in three persons: Father, Son, and Holy Spirit. This concept is known as səllase (ሥላሴ), [citation needed] Geʽez for "Trinity". Daily services constitute only a small part of an Ethiopian Orthodox Christian's religious observance.
Saint Yared (Ge'ez: ቅዱስ ያሬድ; 25 April 505 – 20 May 571) [2] [3] [4] was an Aksumite composer in the 6th century. Often credited with being the forerunner of traditional music of Ethiopia, he developed the music of the Ethiopian Orthodox Church and Eritrean Orthodox Church.
The song's duration varies according to the text, the audience, and the persistence of the player. Though many texts are of a religious nature, the instrument is not used in the Ethiopian Orthodox church services, even if it is seen occasionally in religious processions outside the church.
Some Ethiopian religious music has an ancient Christian element, traced to Yared, who lived during the reign of Emperor Gebre Meskel (Son of Kaleb of Aksumite Empire) in the 6th century. Yared was considered the father of Ethiopian-Eritrean traditional music as well as he composed chant or Zema and the use in liturgical music.
Tizita songs are a popular music genre in Ethiopia and Eritrea. It's named after the Tizita Qañat mode/scale used in such songs. [1] Tizita is known for strongly moving listener's feelings not only among the Amhara, but a large number of Ethiopians, in general. [5] Western sources often compare tizita to the blues.