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Venom in medicine is the medicinal use of venoms for therapeutic benefit in treating diseases. Venom is any poisonous compound secreted by an animal intended to harm or disable another. When an organism produces a venom, its final form may contain hundreds of different bioactive elements that interact with each other inevitably producing its ...
CroFab is composed of several monovalent Fab (fragment antigen-binding) proteins derived from the blood of sheep immunized with one of four snake venoms: Crotalus atrox (western diamondback rattlesnake), Crotalus adamanteus (Eastern diamondback rattlesnake), Crotalus scutulatus (Mojave rattlesnake), or Agkistrodon piscivorus (cottonmouth or ...
Snake antivenom is a medication made up of antibodies used to treat snake bites by venomous snakes. [1] It is a type of antivenom . It is a biological product that typically consists of venom neutralizing antibodies derived from a host animal, such as a horse or sheep.
[10] "The venom has a very high lethal potency, with an i.v. LD50 of 0.06-0.075 micrograms per g body weight in mice. The action of the venom is rapid and death results from seemingly neurotoxic effects. However, even at high concentrations, the venom does not block contractions of skeletal muscles that are directly or indirectly stimulated.
The selection pressure on snake venom is thought to be selecting for functional diversity within the proteins in venom, both within a given species, and across species. [54] In addition to prey physiology, evidence exists that snake venom has evolved in response to the physiology of predators. [13]
Vipera berus - Venom delivery apparatus. Snake venom is a highly toxic saliva [1] containing zootoxins that facilitates in the immobilization and digestion of prey. This also provides defense against threats. Snake venom is usually injected by unique fangs during a bite, though some species are also able to spit venom. [2]
Further study claimed nearly all "non-venomous" snakes produce venom to a certain extent, suggesting a single, and thus far more ancient origin for venom in Serpentes than had been considered until then. [11] [12] As a practical matter, Fry cautioned: [13] Some non-venomous snakes have been previously thought to have only mild 'toxic saliva ...
The hemotoxic venom in rhinoceros vipers is much more dominant. This venom attacks the circulatory system of the snake's victim, destroying tissue and blood vessels. Internal bleeding also occurs. When not in use, the rhino viper's fangs are folded up into the roof of the snake's mouth. The snake has the ability to control the movement of its ...