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[3] [4] Methemoglobinemia can be due to certain medications, chemicals, or food or it can be inherited. [2] Substances involved may include benzocaine, nitrites, or dapsone. [3] The underlying mechanism involves some of the iron in hemoglobin being converted from the ferrous [Fe 2+] to the ferric [Fe 3+] form. [3]
Sulfhemoglobinemia is usually drug induced, with drugs associated with it including sulphonamides, such as sulfasalazine or sumatriptan. Another possible cause is occupational exposure to sulfur compounds. [citation needed] It can also be caused by phenazopyridine. [3]
In some cases, a drug can cause the immune system to mistakenly think the body's own red blood cells are dangerous, foreign substances. Antibodies then develop against the red blood cells. The antibodies attach to red blood cells and cause them to break down too early. It is known that more than 150 drugs can cause this type of hemolytic anemia ...
Hemoglobinopathies (congenital abnormality of the hemoglobin molecule or of the rate of hemoglobin synthesis) . Sickle cell disease; Thalassemia; Methemoglobinemia; Anemias (lack of red blood cells or hemoglobin)
4'-Aminopropiophenone (para-aminopropiophenone or PAPP) is a chemical compound. It is highly toxic, and can cause injury or death upon physical contact or inhalation of fumes. [1] The toxicity of PAPP is derived from its action on circulating hemoglobin, rapidly converting it to methemoglobin (similar to nitrite poisoning).
Methylene blue is employed as a medication for the treatment of methemoglobinemia, which can arise from ingestion of certain pharmaceuticals, toxins, or broad beans in those susceptible. [11] Normally, through the NADH- or NADPH-dependent methemoglobin reductase enzymes, methemoglobin is reduced back to hemoglobin. When large amounts of ...
Cetacaine can have interaction with other drugs being taken by patients one of the interactions that can lead to methemoglobinemia is the interaction with sodium nitrate as well as prilocaine, which can lead to severe illness or death. [8] As well as others listed on the referenced site. [8]
The NADH-dependent enzyme methemoglobin reductase (a type of diaphorase) is responsible for converting methemoglobin back to hemoglobin. Normally one to two percent of a person's hemoglobin is methemoglobin; a higher percentage than this can be genetic or caused by exposure to various chemicals and depending on the level can cause health ...