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Disorders and tendencies included and excluded under the category of communication disorders may vary by source. For example, the definitions offered by the American Speech–Language–Hearing Association differ from those of the Diagnostic Statistical Manual 4th edition (DSM-IV). [4] Gleason (2001) defines a communication disorder as a speech ...
The term refers simplistically to a thought disorder shown from speech with a lack of observance to the main subject of discourse, such that a person whilst speaking on a topic deviates from the topic. Further definition is of speech that deviates from an answer to a question that is relevant in the first instance but deviates from the ...
The current view is that the disorder has more to do with communication and information processing than language. For example, children with semantic-pragmatic disorder will often fail to grasp the central meaning or saliency of events.
Communication deviance (CD) occurs when a speaker fails to effectively communicate and convey meaning to their listeners with confusing speech patterns or illogical patterns. [1] These disturbances can range from vague linguistic references, contradictory statements to more encompassing non-verbal problems at the level of turn-taking .
Another source has estimated that communication disorders—a larger category, which also includes hearing disorders—affect one of every 10 people in the United States. [ 13 ] ASHA has cited that 24.1% of children in school in the fall of 2003 received services for speech or language disorders—this amounts to a total of 1,460,583 children ...
It would require an omniscient point of view in order to look into the participants' heads. [27] By modeling the common ground from one communication partner's perspective is a model used to overcome this ambiguity. [28] Even so, it is difficult to distinguish between the concepts of grounding and situation awareness. [22]
A related term is tangentiality—it refers to off-the-point, oblique or irrelevant answers given to questions. [2] In some studies on creativity, knight's move thinking—while describing a similarly loose association of ideas—is not considered a mental disorder or the hallmark of one; it is sometimes used as a synonym for lateral thinking.
For example, overly loud or high-pitched speech can come across to listeners as overly forceful while slow or nasal speech creates an impression of condescension. [ 9 ] These attributions, which are commonly found in patients with ASD, [ 9 ] partially account for why stilted speech has been considered a diagnostic criterion for the disorder. [ 8 ]