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A herd of axis deer in Maui. Hawaii is the most isolated major land mass in the world and that isolation has led to very high rates of endemism.Uniquely adapted endemic species are often sensitive to competition from invasive species and Hawaii has had numerous extinctions (List of extinct animals of the Hawaiian Islands).
The Hawaiian hawk or ʻio (Buteo solitarius) is a raptor in the genus Buteo endemic to Hawaiʻi, currently restricted to the Big Island.The ʻio is one of two extant birds of prey that are native to Hawaiʻi, the other being the pueo (Hawaiian short-eared owl) and fossil evidence indicates that it inhabited the island of Hawaiʻi, Molokaʻi, Oʻahu, Maui and Kauaʻi at one time. [3]
This is more than three times the species diversity of corals in the main Hawaiian Islands. The ecosystem of the reef and its subsequent food chain is known for the distinct quality of being primarily predator-based. Sharks comprised 74% of the top predator biomass (329 g·m −2) at Kingman Reef and 57% at Palmyra Atoll (97 g·m −2).
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The ʻalalā's known extant natural predator is the 'io (Hawaiian hawk), a hawk species endemic to Hawaii. [ 4 ] Several mammal species introduced to Hawaii by humans are known to prey on ʻalalā eggs, nestlings, and fledglings.
The Polynesian rat, Pacific rat or little rat (Rattus exulans), or kiore, is the third most widespread species of rat in the world behind the brown rat and black rat.Contrary to its vernacular name, the Polynesian rat originated in Southeast Asia, and like its relatives has become widespread, migrating to most of Polynesia, including New Zealand, Easter Island, and Hawaii.
Video footage shows the elusive leopards. The first clip shows three clouded leopards walking past the trail camera. The felines pass by individually, one appearing right as the other vanishes ...
An additional threat is Jackson's chameleon (Trioceros jacksonii) that were introduced to Hawaii in the early 1970s are a serious threat to Achatinella, because the chameleons directly prey on them and other snails species. [1] [2] Other predators of Achatinella include the land planarian Platydemus manokwari. [1] [4]