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The training protocol is based on the principles of applied behavior analysis. [3] The goal of PECS is spontaneous and functional communication. [3] The PECS teaching protocol is based on B. F. Skinner's book, Verbal Behavior, such that functional verbal operants are systematically taught using prompting and reinforcement strategies that will lead to independent communication.
They can be created using pictures, photographs, or written words, depending upon the ability of the child. Visual schedules are placed on a schedule board or notebook in order to provide a clear expectation for the child. Ideally, visual schedules are introduced with adult guidance that gradually decreases with time.
Autistic masking is the act of concealing autistic traits to come across as neurotypical, as if behind a mask. Autistic masking, also referred to as camouflaging, is the conscious or subconscious suppression of autistic behaviors, such as stimming in public, [1] and compensation of difficulties in social interaction by autistic people, with the goal of being perceived as neurotypical.
On the other hand, visual images, paintings in particular, caused the reliances on "illusionary images" [26] However, in the Western world, children begin primary school with abstract thought and shapes, but as we grow older, according to Rudolf Arnheim, "arts are reduced to a desirable supplement" [26] The general world trend in the late ...
Early intervention in nonspeaking autism emphasizes the critical role of language acquisition before the age of five in predicting positive developmental outcomes; acquiring language before age five is a good indicator of positive child development, that early language development is crucial to educational achievement, employment, independence during adulthood, and social relationships. [2]
Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impaired social interaction and communication, repetitive behaviours, restricted interests, and sensory processing issues. Uta Frith of University College London first advanced the weak central coherence theory in the late 1980s. [ 1 ]
The relationship between autism and memory, specifically memory functions in relation to autism spectrum disorder (ASD), is an ongoing topic of research. ASD is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterised by social communication and interaction impairments, along with restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior.
Autism Speaks – the world's largest autism advocacy organization that sponsors autism research and conducts awareness and outreach activities aimed at families, governments, and the public; some have argued that it is exploitative and unkind. Gluten-free, casein-free diet – diet that eliminates dietary intake of gluten and casein.