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Proximal humerus fractures account for approximately 4-7% of all fractures in adults. [ 11 ] [ 8 ] It is the most common fracture of the humerus , as well as the most common fracture at the shoulder girdle .
Proximal fractures are classified into one of four types of fractures based on the displacement of the greater tubercle, the lesser tubercle, the surgical neck, and the anatomical neck, which are the four parts of the proximal humerus, with fracture displacement being defined as at least one centimeter of separation or an angulation greater ...
With good outcome in rotator cuff arthropathy, the indications for performing reverse shoulder arthroplasty has also expanded to all the situations where the rotator cuff function will be compromised such as unreconstructible fractures of proximal humerus, fracture sequelae, revision shoulder arthroplasty, shoulder instability along with ...
In patients younger than 12, proximal humerus fractures can be visualized due to the changes at the bone surface. [15] Because bone tumors can appear at this location, X-ray imaging is necessary following a fracture diagnosis. The standard procedure is the shoulder-SAFE algorithm. [15]
A fracture in this area is most likely to cause damage to the axillary nerve and posterior circumflex humeral artery. Damage to the axillary nerve affects function of the teres minor and deltoid muscles, resulting in loss of abduction of arm (from 15-90 degrees), weak flexion, extension, and rotation of shoulder as well as loss of sensation of ...
A latent cyst is located away from the epiphyseal plate and is more likely to heal with treatment. [4] It is typically diagnosed in under 20 year olds. [1] Although unicameral bone cysts can form in any bone structure, it is predominantly found in the proximal humerus and proximal femur; additionally, it affects males twice as often as females ...
Injury of axillary nerve (axillary neuropathy) is a condition that can be associated with a surgical neck of the humerus fracture.. It can also be associated with a dislocated shoulder [1] or with traction injury to the nerve, which may be caused by over-aggressive stretching or blunt trauma that does not result in fracture or dislocation. [2]
Some fractures, however, cannot be held in a satisfactory position by this method, and require some additional form of fixation. This is the usual situation with all displaced fractures of the first metacarpal and of the proximal phalanges of the hand, and of about two thirds of fractures of the distal end of the radius. Percutaneous pinning is ...