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Frail elderly patients (score of 4 or 5) have even worse outcomes, with the risk of being discharged to a nursing home rising to twenty times the rate for non-frail elderly people. Another tool that has been used to predict frailty outcome post-surgery is the Modifies Frailty Index, or mFI-5. This scale consists of 5 key co-morbidities: [61]
On Lok Senior Health Services was created in 1971 to address the long-term care needs of older immigrants in San Francisco's Chinatown-North Beach neighborhood. [3] After its founding, between 1973 and 1975, On Lok expanded to include day centers, in-home care, home-delivered meals, and housing assistance. [ 3 ]
Geriatricians have focused on holistic assessments of their patients since the early days of the specialty. Dr. Marjorie Warren was the first doctor in the UK to systematically assess older people, categorizing them into those who could be got better with appropriate treatment and then discharged, and those who needed continuing (usually institutional) care. [4]
Frail elderly individuals may choose to decline some kinds of medical care, because the risk-benefit ratio is different. For example, frail elderly women routinely stop screening mammograms, because breast cancer is typically a slowly growing disease that would cause them no pain, impairment, or loss of life before they would die of other ...
A writer in 1956 requested that nurses refocus their research to include major health issues of the time and how to support the frail elderly. [37] In the 1990s, research focus was put on how pain affected the daily lives of older adults. This research lead to improve pain identification and treatment across settings. [37]
A nursing home is a facility for the residential care of older people, senior citizens, or disabled people. [1] Nursing homes may also be referred to as care homes, skilled nursing facilities (SNF) or long-term care facilities.
A number of expert groups have proposed an increase in dietary protein recommendations for older age groups to 1.0–1.2 g/kg body weight per day. [48] [49] Ensuring adequate nutrition in older adults is of interest in the prevention of sarcopenia and frailty, since it is a simple, low-cost treatment approach without major side effects. [50]
In elderly patients, this can commonly be done as a patient becomes more frail and treatment focus needs to shift from preventative to palliative. [59] Deprescribing is feasible and effective in many settings including residential care, communities and hospitals. [57]