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Reticulate evolution can happen between lineages separated only for a short time, for example through hybrid speciation in a species complex. Nevertheless, it also takes place over larger evolutionary distances, as exemplified by the presence of organelles of bacterial origin in eukaryotic cells.
Phylogenetic trees also have trouble depicting microevolutionary events, for example the geographical distribution of muskrat or fish populations of a given species among river networks, because there is no species boundary to prevent gene flow between populations. Therefore, a more general phylogenetic network better depicts these situations.
Each box exchanges heat with the atmosphere. The atmospheric temperatures (T 1 a,T 2 a) are fixed in this model. The evaporated water (η 2 ≥ 0) in the equatorial box is precipitated, via the atmosphere, in the high-latitude box. The governing differential equations for the temperatures and salinities in the Stommel box model are:
Pure shear sandbox model of thrust fault formation. Analogue modelling is a laboratory experimental method using uncomplicated physical models (such as a sandbox) with certain simple scales of time and length to model geological scenarios and simulate geodynamic evolutions. [1] [2] There are numerous limitations affecting the direct study of ...
For many series, the period is known and a single seasonality term is sufficient. For example, for monthly data one would typically include either a seasonal AR 12 term or a seasonal MA 12 term. For Box–Jenkins models, one does not explicitly remove seasonality before fitting the model.
Reticulation is a net-like pattern, arrangement, or structure. Reticulation or Reticulated may refer to: Reticulation (single-access key), a structure of an identification tree, where there are several possible routes to a correct identification; A coloration pattern of some animals (e.g. the reticulated giraffe)
Rebounding tech stocks drove U.S. indexes higher Tuesday, a day after they tumbled on doubts about whether the artificial-intelligence frenzy really needs all the dollars being poured into it.
Two forms of reticulation can be distinguished: Terminal reticulation and inner reticulation. In a terminal reticulation a single taxon or next-level-key is keyed out in several locations in the key. This type of reticulation is normally compatible with any printable presentation format of identification keys and normally does not require ...