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The irrigation works in ancient Sri Lanka were some of the most complex irrigation systems of the ancient world. The earliest examples of irrigation works in Sri Lanka date from about 430 BCE, during the reign of King Pandukabhaya , and were under continuous development for the next thousand years.
The tank cascade system (Sinhala: එල්ලංගාව, romanized: ellaṅgāva) is an ancient irrigation system spanning the island of Sri Lanka. It is a network of thousands of small irrigation tanks ( Sinhala : වැව , romanized: wewa ) draining to large reservoirs that store rainwater and surface runoff for later use.
Major irrigation schemes of Sri Lanka, as evident from the earliest written records in the Mahawansa, date back to the fourth century BCE (Parker, 1881; [1] Brohier, 1934). ). The purpose and determination in the construction of the irrigation systems are depicted by the words of Parakrama Bahu I, 1153–1186 CE: "Let not even a drop of rain water go to the sea without benefiting
Hohokam irrigation systems supported the largest population in the Southwest by 1300 CE. [12] Archaeologists working at a major archaeological dig in the 1990s in the Tucson Basin, along the Santa Cruz River, identified a culture and people that may have been the ancestors of the Hohokam. [ 13 ]
A tank cascade is a system of irrigation tanks in single or multiple chains where water from a higher tank flows into lower tanks. Examples of tank cascades include Sri Lanka's tank cascade system, [6] the Indian city of Bangalore's cascading lakes in the Varthur lake series, [7] and the Indian city of Madurai's Vandiyur tank cascade system. [8]
Yodha Ela functions in a way of a moving reservoir because of its single banking aspect which is different from the present day double banking irrigation canals'. It feeds water in an area of 470 km 2 (180 sq mi) feeding 4,630 ha (11,400 acres) of paddy lands and 120 small tanks on its way from Kala Wewa to Tissa Wewa [7]
Sri Lanka is pockmarked with many irrigation dams, with its water resource distributed across nearly the entirety of the island for agricultural purposes via artificial canals and streams. Utilization of hydro resources for agricultural production dates back to the pre-Colonial era , with the current crop production now largely dependent on ...
Responsibility for the tank passed from the Public Works Department to the Department of Irrigation in 1900. [10] By the late 1960s the tank's bund was 4.5 mi (7 km) long and 10 ft 4 in (3 m) high whilst the tank's storage capacity was 26,600 acre⋅ft (32,810,617 m 3 ) and its water spread area was 4,550 acres (1,841 ha). [ 1 ]