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When the naira was introduced, it had an official exchange rate of US$1.52 for ₦1, though a currency black market existed in which the naira traded at a discount relative to the official exchange rate. The official exchange rate set by the Central Bank of Nigeria: naira to U.S. dollar is approximately ₦767.54 per 1 US dollar.
In 2016, the black-market exchange rate of the Naira was about 60% above the official rate. The central bank releases about $200 million each week at the official exchange rate. However, some companies cite that budgets now include a 30% "premium" to be paid to central bank officials to get dollars. [156]
As of January 2025 the official exchange rate was 15 ERN to one USD. ERN is a very weak currency. The de facto exchange rate of the currency is around 100 ERN for US$1. [citation needed] The currency does not have a good demand outside of Eritrea. The black markets that exist in Asmara and a few other towns show the diminishing values of ERN.
eNaira is a Central bank digital currency issued and regulated by the Central Bank of Nigeria. [1] It was the first of its type in Africa. [2] Denominated in naira, the eNaira serves as both a medium of exchange and a store of value and claims to offer better payment prospects in retail transactions when compared to cash.
Ethiopia's economy is ranked 159th place out of 190 countries in 'Ease of doing business'. [35] Ethiopia is also a part of African Continental Free Trade Area, Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa, Intergovernmental Authority on Development, and the G24, and has observer status at the World Trade Organization.
Eleni Gabre-Madhin at ECX. The Ethiopia Commodity Exchange (ECX) is a commodities exchange established April 2008 in Ethiopia.In Proclamation 2007-550, which created the ECX, its stated objective was "to ensure the development of an efficient modern trading system" that would "protect the rights and benefits of sellers, buyers, intermediaries, and the general public."
On 6 September 2007, the Zimbabwe dollar was devalued again by 92%, [20] creating an official exchange rate of ZW$30 000 to US$1, although the black market exchange rate was estimated to be ZW$600 000 to US$1.
By contrast, the currency's black market exchange rate is artificially weak. In such cases, a PPP exchange rate is likely the most realistic basis for economic comparison. Similarly, when exchange rates deviate significantly from their long term equilibrium due to speculative attacks or carry trade, a PPP exchange rate offers a better ...