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In God We Trust (or, rarely, its variation, God We Trust) first appeared on 2¢ coins, which were first minted in 1863 and went into mass circulation the following year. [43] According to David W. Lange, a numismatist, the inclusion of the motto on a coin was a major driver for the popularisation of the slogan. [44]
An Act of Congress, passed on March 3, 1865, allowed the Mint Director, with the Secretary's approval, to place the phrase on all gold and silver coins that "shall admit the inscription thereon." In 1956, "In God We Trust" replaced "E Pluribus Unum" as the national motto. All currency was printed and minted with the new motto.
A phrase similar to "In God we trust" appears in the final stanza of "The Star-Spangled Banner". Written in 1814 by Francis Scott Key (and later adopted as the U.S. national anthem on March 3, 1931 by U.S. President Herbert Hoover), the song contains an early reference to a variation of the phrase: "And this be our motto: 'In God is our trust ...
Die trial struck as the Mint prepared to place "In God We Trust" on the coins Roosevelt had specifically requested Saint-Gaudens not to put " In God We Trust " on the new coin, feeling that the motto's presence on coins was a debasement of God's name, as the coins might be spent to further criminal activities. [ 44 ]
"In God We Trust" on the back of a twenty-dollar bill.. In 1970, Stefan Ray Aronow having been found without standing to sue by the District Court, appealed his case to the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit challenging "the use of expressions of trust in God by the United States Government on its coinage, currency, official documents and publications.
[23] [27] Longacre's two-cent piece was the first coin inscribed with "In God We Trust". The motto was popularized by the new coin; on March 3, 1865, Congress passed legislation ordering its use on all coins large enough to permit it. [28] Since 1938, "In God We Trust" has been used on all American coins. [23] [29]
Composition: 90% gold, 10% copper: Gold.48375 troy oz Years of minting: 1907–1933: Mint marks: D, S.Located for 1908-D "No Motto" issues, above the leaves near the eagle's feet on the reverse; for all pieces with "IN GOD WE TRUST", to the left of the arrow on which the eagle stands Philadelphia Mint pieces lack mint mark.
The proposal was supported by Senators Charles Sumner, B. Gratz Brown and John Sherman, but did not come to a vote in Congress. One member of the National Reform Association, James Pollock, played a role in getting the phrase "In God We Trust" on the two-cent coin in 1864. Another version of the amendment read: [6]