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The anoxygenic phototrophic iron oxidation was the first anaerobic metabolism to be described within the iron anaerobic oxidation metabolism. The photoferrotrophic bacteria use Fe 2+ as electron donor and the energy from light to assimilate CO 2 into biomass through the Calvin Benson-Bassam cycle (or rTCA cycle) in a neutrophilic environment (pH 5.5-7.2), producing Fe 3+ oxides as a waste ...
Anaerobic corrosion is evident as layers of metal sulfides and hydrogen sulfide smell. On cast iron, a graphitic corrosion selective leaching may be the result, with iron being consumed by the bacteria, leaving graphite matrix with low mechanical strength in place. Various corrosion inhibitors can be used to combat microbial corrosion.
Another reaction occurs between iron and water producing iron hydroxide. Fe 2+ + HS − → FeS + H + 3 Fe 2+ + 6 H 2 O → 3 Fe(OH) 2 + 6 H + The net equation comes to: 4 Fe + SO 4 2− + H + + 3 H 2 O → FeS + 3 Fe(OH) 2 + OH −. This form of corrosion by sulfate-reducing bacteria can, in this way, be far more harmful than anaerobic corrosion.
The iron in the water is then oxidized by dissolved oxygen or, through enzyme catalysis by iron bacteria (e.g., Thiobacillus ferrooxidans and Thiobacillus thiooxidans) that concentrate the iron as part of their life processes. [4] Presence of these bacteria can be detected by the oily film they leave on the surface of the water. [3]
A. ferrooxidans the best-studied of the acidophilic bacteria. [citation needed] During mining activities, the bacterium plays a crucial role in producing harmful acidic and metal-rich drainage water through the dissolution of sulfide minerals, but it also recovers precious dissolved metals. [2]
Sphaerotilus natans; Submerged S. natans colonies with floating insect in the lower right for scale. Beige color shown is typical of aerated sewage treatment plants, but color may vary through grey toward black downstream of septic sewage or into brighter orange from precipitated red iron oxide.
Bacteria-induced anaerobic corrosion of a piece of iron. Anaerobic corrosion (also known as hydrogen corrosion) is a form of metal corrosion occurring in anoxic water. Typically following aerobic corrosion, anaerobic corrosion involves a redox reaction that reduces hydrogen ions and oxidizes a solid metal. [1]
Nitrates and nitrites are wastes produced by nitrifying bacteria, just as sulfur and sulfates are produced by the sulfur-reducing bacteria and sulfate-reducing bacteria. Insoluble iron waste can be made by iron bacteria by using soluble forms. In plants, resins, fats, waxes, and complex organic chemicals are exuded from plants, e.g., the latex ...
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