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Characteristic 2D ultrasound appearance is that of a very well defined lesion, with sizes of 2–3 cm or less, showing increased echogenity and, when located in contact with the diaphragm, a "mirror image" phenomenon can be seen. When palpating the liver with the transducer the hemangioma is compressible sending reverberations backwards.
On ultrasound, HCC often appears as a small hypoechoic lesion with poorly defined margins and coarse, irregular internal echoes. When the tumor grows, it can sometimes appear heterogeneous with fibrosis, fatty change, and calcifications. This heterogeneity can look similar to cirrhosis and the surrounding liver parenchyma.
A cavernous liver hemangioma or hepatic hemangioma is a benign tumor of the liver composed of large vascular spaces lined by monolayer hepatic endothelial cells. It is the most common benign liver tumour, and is usually asymptomatic and diagnosed incidentally on radiological imaging or during laparotomy for other intra-abdominal issues.
Calcification is the accumulation of calcium salts in a body tissue. It normally occurs in the formation of bone, but calcium can be deposited abnormally in soft tissue, [1] [2] causing it to harden. Calcifications may be classified on whether there is mineral balance or not, and the location of the calcification. [3]
Popcorn calcification or popcorn appearance is the radiological appearance of calcification with irregular rings and arcs, which resembles popcorns.The calcification patterns in chondroid lesions of the bone (such as enchondroma and chondrosarcoma), [1] pulmonary hamartomas, [2] degenerating fibroadenomas of the breast and calcified fibroids of the uterus have been described as 'popcorn ...
Mumoli's sign (also known as a "Playboy Rabbit" sign) is a radiologic sign seen in the normal liver. It appears as a rabbit-shaped image caused by the confluence of the middle and right hepatic veins as they merge with the inferior vena cava. It can be seen on ultrasound images of the liver with a transverse subcostal view during deep inspiration.
Many imaging modalities are used to aid in the diagnosis of malignant liver tumors. These include sonography (ultrasound), computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Tumor markers , chemicals sometimes found in the blood of people with cancer, can be helpful in diagnosing and monitoring the course of liver cancers.
Ultrasound of malformed vessels within the fibrous scar of focal nodular hyperplasia. Liver tumor types by relative incidence in adults in the United States, with focal nodular hyperplasia at right. [3] Focal nodular hyperplasia's most recognizable gross feature is a central stellate scar seen in 60–70% of cases.