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Miller twist rule is a mathematical formula derived by American physical chemist and historian of science Donald G. Miller (1927-2012) to determine the rate of twist to apply to a given bullet to provide optimum stability using a rifled barrel. [1]
9mm Major is a wildcat cartridge of the 9mm Luger specifically for competition pistols designed to handle very high pressure. It is used in practical shooting competitions like International Practical Shooting Confederation (IPSC) and United States Practical Shooting Association (USPSA) to achieve a "Major" power factor, which earns more points for hits in specific zones on paper targets ...
The initial testing was done in 2008 and tested the velocity of 13 common handgun cartridges as it related to firearm barrel length. In 2009 an additional three calibers were tested and in 2010 and 2011 more calibers were added. Also in 2011 testing was carried out to study the "cylinder gap effect" on the velocity of ammunition shot from ...
The general formula for the kinetic energy is =, where v is the velocity of the bullet and m is the mass of the bullet. Although both mass and velocity contribute to the muzzle energy, the muzzle energy is proportional to the mass while proportional to the square of the velocity. The velocity of the bullet is a more important determinant of ...
In a relatively short pistol cartridge case like the 9×19mm Parabellum (9mm Luger in C.I.P. nomenclature), the TDCC M = 12.50 value denotes the transducer must be positioned at a distance of 12.5 millimetres (0.49 in) from the breech face. [3]
The Taylor KO factor multiplies bullet mass (measured in grains) by muzzle velocity (measured in feet per second) by bullet diameter (measured in inches) and then divides the product by 7,000, converting the value from grains to pounds and giving a numerical value from 0 to ~150 for normal hunting cartridges.
C.I.P. decisions, texts and tables, CD-ROM version download (ZIP and RAR format) (Archived) NATO Standard AEP-97, Multi-Calibre Manual of Proof and Inspection (M-CMOPI) for NATO Small Arms Ammunition, Volume 8, NATO Reference Ammunition, Edition A Version 1 (from page 261) Archived
Power factor is a measure of the momentum of the bullet (scaled product of the bullet's mass and velocity), which to some degree reflects the recoil impulse from the firearm onto the shooter (see section on limitations).