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  2. Lumbar vertebrae - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lumbar_vertebrae

    The lumbar vertebrae are located between the thoracic vertebrae and pelvis. They form the lower part of the back in humans, and the tail end of the back in quadrupeds. In humans, there are five lumbar vertebrae. The term is used to describe the anatomy of humans and quadrupeds, such as horses, pigs, or cattle.

  3. Sacral fracture - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sacral_fracture

    The Denis Classification System classified sacral fractures into three regions according to the part of the bone affected. The location of the fracture has a major influence on symptoms experienced. [3] [4] Zone 1 , may cause disruption to the nerve root of the fifth lumbar vertebra (L5) Zone 2 (sacral foramina), may cause sciatica

  4. Back injury - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Back_injury

    Although the majority of vertebral fractures go undiagnosed, the annual cost related to treatment of vertebral fractures is estimated to be $1 billion in the U.S. [13] Symptomatic disc herniations are most common between ages 30–50 years. [26] 95 percent of herniated discs diagnosed in patients 25–55 years are located in the lumbar spine. [26]

  5. Spondylolysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spondylolysis

    The lumbar vertebra consist of a body, pedicle, lamina, pars interarticularis, transverse process, spinous process and superior and inferior articular facets, which form joints that link the vertebrae together. When examining the vertebra, the pars interarticularis is the bony segment between the superior and inferior articular facet joints ...

  6. Burst fracture - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burst_fracture

    A burst fracture is a type of traumatic spinal injury in which a vertebra breaks from a high-energy axial load (e.g., traffic collisions or falls from a great height or high speed, and some kinds of seizures), with shards of vertebra penetrating surrounding tissues and sometimes the spinal canal. [1] The burst fracture is categorized by the ...

  7. Spondylolisthesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spondylolisthesis

    Spondylolisthesis is when one spinal vertebra slips out of place compared to another. [1] While some medical dictionaries define spondylolisthesis specifically as the forward or anterior displacement of a vertebra over the vertebra inferior to it (or the sacrum), [2] [3] it is often defined in medical textbooks as displacement in any direction.

  8. Spinal fracture - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_fracture

    Clay-shoveler fracturefracture through the spinous process of a vertebra occurring at any of the lower cervical or upper thoracic vertebrae; Burst fracture – in which a vertebra breaks from a high-energy axial load; Compression fracture – a collapse of a vertebra, often resulting in the form of a wedge-shape due to larger compression ...

  9. Vertebral compression fracture - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertebral_compression_fracture

    A compression fracture is a collapse of a vertebra. It may be due to trauma or due to a weakening of the vertebra (compare with burst fracture ). This weakening is seen in patients with osteoporosis or osteogenesis imperfecta , lytic lesions from metastatic or primary tumors , [ 1 ] or infection. [ 2 ]

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