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A well-known example of a contrasting mindset is fixed versus growth. A mindset refers to an established set of attitudes of a person or group concerning culture, values, philosophy, frame of reference, outlook, or disposition. [1] [2] It may also arise from a person's worldview or beliefs about the meaning of life. [3]
Students followed throughout their middle school careers showed that those who possessed growth mindset tendencies made better grades and had a more positive view on the role of effort than students who possessed fixed mindset tendencies with similar abilities, two years following the initial survey. [10]
Stanford News Service press release: Fixed versus growth intelligence mindsets: It's all in your head, Dweck says Archived 2010-03-31 at the Wayback Machine; Lisa Trei, "New study yields instructive results on how mindset affects learning", Stanford Report, Feb. 7, 2007; Carol Dweck's TED Talk on the Growth Mindset, TEDxNorrkoping, Nov. 2014
Goal orientation, or achievement orientation, is an "individual disposition towards developing or validating one's ability in achievement settings". [1] In general, an individual can be said to be mastery or performance oriented, based on whether one's goal is to develop one's ability or to demonstrate one's ability, respectively. [2]
Specifically, students should be grouped into the learning style categories that are being evaluated (e.g., visual learners vs. verbal learners), and then students in each group must be randomly assigned to one of the learning methods (e.g., visual learning or verbal learning), so that some students will be "matched" and others will be ...
Each form of the BRIEF parent- and teacher- rating form contains 86 items in eight non-overlapping clinical scales and two validity scales.These theoretically and statistically derived scales form two indexes: Behavioral Regulation (three scales) and Metacognition (five scales), as well as a Global Executive Composite [6] score that takes into account all of the clinical scales and represents ...
Traits such as extraversion vs. introversion are measured on a spectrum, with each person placed somewhere along it. Trait theory suggests that some natural behaviours may give someone an advantage in a position of leadership. [3] There are two approaches to define traits: as internal causal properties or as purely descriptive summaries.
An individual's regulatory orientation is not necessarily fixed. While individuals have chronic tendencies towards either promotion or prevention, these preferences may not hold for all situations. Furthermore, a specific regulatory focus can be induced. The value taken from interaction and goal attainment can be either positive or negative.