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A central nervous system tumor (CNS tumor) is an abnormal growth of cells from the tissues of the brain or spinal cord. [1] CNS tumor is a generic term encompassing over 120 distinct tumor types. [2] Common symptoms of CNS tumors include vomiting, headache, changes in vision, nausea, and seizures. [3]
The concept of grading of the tumors of the central nervous system, agreeing for such the regulation of the "progressiveness" of these neoplasias (from benign and localized tumors to malignant and infiltrating tumors), dates back to 1926 and was introduced by P. Bailey and H. Cushing, [1] in the elaboration of what turned out the first systematic classification of gliomas.
The WHO classification of tumours of the central nervous system is a World Health Organization Blue Book that defines, describes and classifies tumours of the central nervous system (CNS). Currently, as of 2023, clinicians are using the 5th edition, which incorporates recent advances in molecular pathology. [ 1 ]
A nervous system neoplasm is a tumor that arises within the nervous system, which includes both the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). These neoplasms can be classified as primary or secondary [ 1 ] [ 2 ] .
Radiotherapy is an important treatment for central nervous system tumors and has been demonstrated to extend survival and improve the quality of life for patients with many of the primary and metastatic brain tumors. [7] Chemotherapy Chemotherapy, or the use of drugs in the treatment of cancer, can lead to the long-term control of many ...
Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL), also termed primary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the central nervous system (DLBCL-CNS), [2] is a primary intracranial tumor appearing mostly in patients with severe immunodeficiency (typically patients with AIDS). It is a subtype and one of the most aggressive of the diffuse large B-cell ...
CNS metastasis is the spread and proliferation of cancer cells from their original tumour to form secondary tumours in portions of the central nervous system. [1] The process of tumour cells invading distant tissue is complex and obscure, but modern technology has permitted an enhanced detection of metastasis.
Treatment for a central neurocytoma typically involves surgical removal, with an approximate 1 in 5 chance of recurrence. [2] Central neurocytomas are classified as a grade II tumor under the World Health Organization's classification of tumors of the nervous system. [3]
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