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Ototoxicity is the property of being toxic to the ear (oto-), specifically the cochlea or auditory nerve and sometimes the vestibular system, for example, as a side effect of a drug. The effects of ototoxicity can be reversible and temporary, or irreversible and permanent. It has been recognized since the 19th century. [1]
Signs and symptoms of ototoxicity include tinnitus, hearing loss, dizziness and nausea and/or vomiting. [3] The diagnosis of medicine-induced ototoxicity is challenging as it usually shows only mild symptoms in early stages. Thus, prospective ototoxicity monitoring would be required when patients are using ototoxic medications. [1]
The symptoms of cochlear hydrops fluctuate, and the condition may stabilize or go away on its own after several years. However, because the organ of Corti undergoes stress during the hydrops episodes, long-term hearing loss, tinnitus, or hyperacusis is possible. It is considered by some that cochlear hydrops is an early form of Meniere's disease.
There is no proven or recommended treatment or cure for SNHL; management of hearing loss is usually by hearing strategies and hearing aids. In cases of profound or total deafness, a cochlear implant is a specialised device that may restore a functional level of hearing.
The toxic effects of salicylates have been described since at least 1877. [5] In 2004, more than 20,000 cases with 43 deaths were reported in the United States. [1] About 1% of those with an acute overdose die, while chronic overdoses may have severe outcomes. [3] Older people are at higher risks of toxicity for any given dose. [5]
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Structural diagram of the cochlea showing how fluid pushed in at the oval window moves, deflects the cochlear partition, and bulges back out at the round window. The cochlea ( pl. : cochleae) is a spiraled, hollow, conical chamber of bone, in which waves propagate from the base (near the middle ear and the oval window ) to the apex (the top or ...
Signs and symptoms of AIED are: [4] Progressive hearing loss in both ears Typically will begin in one ear and gradually affect the other; Hearing loss may begin suddenly; Tinnitus (ringing or buzzing in ears) Decrease in word recognition capability; Loss of balance (vestibular symptoms) Degree of balance loss can change throughout the course of ...