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A discharge can be ignited and plasma can be sustained when a DC voltage that is delivered to the gas medium via electrodes is higher than the breakdown voltage for the gas. The relationship between this breakdown voltage and the pd product—where p is the gas pressure and d is the distance between the electrodes—is referred to as Paschen's ...
According to Gauss’s law, a conductor at equilibrium carrying an applied current has no charge on its interior.Instead, the entirety of the charge of the conductor resides on the surface, and can be expressed by the equation: = where E is the electric field caused by the charge on the conductor and is the permittivity of the free space.
In 1939, Loeb [2] [3] and Raether [4] independently described a new type of discharge, based on their experimental observations. Shortly thereafter, in 1940, Meek presented the theory of spark discharge, [5] which quantitatively explained the formation of a self-propagating streamer. This new theory of streamer discharges successfully explained ...
Paschen's law is an equation that gives the breakdown voltage, that is, the voltage necessary to start a discharge or electric arc, between two electrodes in a gas as a function of pressure and gap length. [2] [3] It is named after Friedrich Paschen who discovered it empirically in 1889. [4]
The equation is also known as the "three-halves-power law" or the Child–Langmuir law. Child originally derived this equation for the case of atomic ions, which have much smaller ratios of their charge to their mass. Irving Langmuir published the application to electron currents in 1913, and extended it to the case of cylindrical cathodes and ...
In electromagnetism, an electric discharge is the release and transmission of electricity in an applied electric field through a medium such as a gas (i.e., an outgoing flow of electric current through a non-metal medium).
The discharge is taking place in normal atmospheric air, at about 30 kHz, with a discharge gap of about 4 mm. The foot of the discharge is the charge accumulation on the barrier surface. Dielectric-barrier discharge ( DBD ) is the electrical discharge between two electrodes separated by an insulating dielectric barrier. [ 1 ]
A common usage of this discharge is in a plasma actuator for vehicle drag reduction. [60] It is also widely used in the web treatment of fabrics. [61] The application of the discharge to synthetic fabrics and plastics functionalizes the surface and allows for paints, glues and similar materials to adhere. [62]