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RNFL asymmetry has been proposed as a strong indicator of optic neuritis, [7] [8] with one small study proposing that asymmetry of 5–6μm was "a robust structural threshold for identifying the presence of a unilateral optic nerve lesion in MS." [9] Optic neuritis is often associated with multiple sclerosis, and RNFL data may indicate the pace ...
Main symptoms of multiple sclerosis Symptoms and findings in multiple sclerosis. Multiple sclerosis can cause a variety of symptoms varying significantly in severity and progression among individuals: changes in sensation (hypoesthesia), muscle weakness, abnormal muscle spasms, or difficulty moving; difficulties with coordination and balance; problems in speech or swallowing (), visual ...
Retinal ganglion cells make up the optic nerve and have a long unmyelinated portion, hence the high energy demand and sensitivity to mitochondrial dysfunction. This is especially the case for smaller axons such as those found in the papillomacular bundle of the retina , which transmit information corresponding to the central visual field .
Lesions involving the whole optic nerve cause complete blindness on the affected side, that means damage at the right optic nerve causes complete loss of vision in the right eye. [3] Optic neuritis involving external fibers of the optic nerve causes tunnel vision. [4] Optic neuritis involving internal fibers of the optic nerve causes central ...
The interpretation of fundus photographs that are glaucomatous must contain a description of the vertical and horizontal cup to disc ratio, vessel pattern, diffuse or focal pallor, asymmetry and development of the above factors. The retinal nerve fibre layer should also be studied and commented on. [23]
The optic nerve contains axons of nerve cells that emerge from the retina, leave the eye at the optic disc, and go to the visual cortex where input from the eye is processed into vision. There are 1.2 million optic nerve fibers that derive from the retinal ganglion cells of the inner retina. [2] Damage to the optic nerve can have different causes:
It is a continuation of the optic nerve that relays information from the optic chiasm to the ipsilateral lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN), pretectal nuclei, and superior colliculus. [ 1 ] It is composed of two individual tracts, the left optic tract and the right optic tract, each of which conveys visual information exclusive to its respective ...
This disease is a heterogenous group of inherited neuropathies, stemming from a MFN2 mutation, in which both motor and sensory nerves are affected, resulting in distal limb weakness, sensory loss, decreased deep tendon reflexes, and foot deformities. Affected individuals develop progressive optic nerve dysfunction starting later in childhood. [21]