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For listening to and understanding spoken words, the sounds of the words are sent through the auditory pathways to area 41, which is the primary auditory cortex (Heschl's gyrus). From there, they continue to Wernicke's area , where the meaning of the words is extracted.
Reading and writing are introduced in the next stage. The oral lesson learned in previous class is the reading material to establish a relationship between speech and writing. All reading material is introduced as orally first. Writing, in the early stages, is confined to transcriptions of the structures and dialogues learned earlier.
Along with speaking, reading, and writing, listening is one of the "four skills" of language learning. All language-teaching approaches, except for grammar translation, incorporate a listening component. [15] Some teaching methods, such as total physical response, involve students simply listening and responding. [16]
According to the theory, auditory learners must be able to hear what is being said to understand, and may have difficulty with instructions that are written or drawn. They also use their listening and repeating skills to sort through the information presented to them. [3] Few studies have found validity in using learning styles in education. [4]
These mechanisms can be broken down into four major groups: speech generation (talking), speech comprehension (hearing), writing generation (writing), and writing comprehension (reading). In a practical sense, linguistic intelligence is the extent to which an individual can use language , both written and verbal, to achieve goals.
Reading is the process of taking in the sense or meaning of symbols, often specifically those of a written language, by means of sight or touch. [1] [2] [3] [4]For educators and researchers, reading is a multifaceted process involving such areas as word recognition, orthography (spelling), alphabetics, phonics, phonemic awareness, vocabulary, comprehension, fluency, and motivation.
The accuracy of tempo within an auditory image usually suffers when recalled; however, the consistency of a person's perception of tempo is preserved. When surveying subject's auditory imagery, their sense of tempo usually stays within 8% of the original tempo heard in a song that the subject heard at some point in the past. [1]
The integration of auditory and visual input in speech perception also involves such areas. [24] Disrupting the premotor cortex disrupts the perception of speech units such as plosives. [25] The activation of the motor areas occurs in terms of the phonemic features which link with the vocal track articulators that create speech gestures. [26]