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The site at which the stress fracture occurs depends on the activity/sports that the individual participates in. [citation needed] Women are more at risk for stress fractures than men due to factors such as lower aerobic capacity, reduced muscle mass, lower bone mineral density, among other anatomical and hormone-related elements.
Physical stress causes multiple tiny fractures where the middle of the metatarsal meets the growth plate. These fractures impair blood flow to the end of the metatarsal resulting in the death of bone cells (osteonecrosis). It is an uncommon condition, occurring most often in young women, athletes, and those with abnormally long metatarsals.
Stress fractures occur more commonly in physically active women with menstrual irregularities and/or low BMD with a relative risk for stress fracture two to four times greater in amenorrheic than eumenorrheic athletes. Fractures also occur in the setting of nutritional deficits and low BMD. [22]
A stress fracture is an overuse injury that is caused by repetitive micro trauma exceeding the strength of a bone. Some stress fractures can heal with rest or immobilization.
In contrast, stress fracture pain is localized to the fracture site. [6] Women are several times more likely to progress to stress fractures from shin splints. [7] [8] [9] This is due in part to women having a higher incidence of diminished bone density and osteoporosis. [10] [citation needed]
Wrist fractures are the third most common type of osteoporotic fractures. The lifetime risk of sustaining a Colles' fracture is about 16% for white women. By the time women reach age 70, about 20% have had at least one wrist fracture. [193] Fragility fractures of the ribs are common in men as young as age 35.
Osteoarthritis: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment. This article was reviewed by Craig Primack, MD, FACP, FAAP, MFOMA. Osteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis, affecting more than 32.5 ...
Of the three types of occult fractures mentioned above, the latter two, fatigue fracture secondary to repetitive and unusual stress being applied to bone with normal elastic resistance, and insufficiency fracture resulting from normal or minimal stress on a bone with decreased elastic resistance are also described as "stress fractures". [1]
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