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In North America, the time encompasses the Paleo-Indian period, which subsequently is divided into more specific time terms, such as Early Lithic stage or Early Paleo-Indians, and Middle Paleo-Indians or Middle Lithic stage. [6] Examples include the Clovis culture and Folsom tradition groups. The Lithic stage was followed by the Archaic stage.
Middle Archaic people in southern New England relied on Braintree argillite for tools, mining in the Blue Hills. Lithic fragments also include Lynn Volcanics in the Boston Basin, chert quarried in eastern New York and felsite from Maine and New Hampshire. Pecking and grinding tools were mostly made out of granite. [8]
The Paleo-Indians, also known as the Lithic peoples, are the earliest known settlers of the Americas; the period's name, the Lithic stage, derives from the appearance of lithic flaked stone tools. Paleo-Indians were the first peoples who entered and subsequently inhabited the Americas towards the end of the Late Pleistocene period.
Historic Wampanoag territory, c. 1620 Massachusetts has two federally recognized tribes.They have met the seven criteria of an American Indian tribe: being an American Indian entity since at least 1900, a predominant part of the group forms a distinct community and has done so throughout history into the present; holding political influence over its members, having governing documents ...
1492: Christopher Columbus sails in search of a new route to India and lands in the Caribbean, leading to the first European contact in the Americas since the Norse colonization of North America 500 years earlier. 1497: Italian navigator John Cabot sails from England to Newfoundland.
In 1614 English explorer John Smith explored the coast of New England, and included "Naemkeck" among the "countries" of the New England coast in an alliance with countries to the north under the bashabes (chief of chiefs) of the Penobscot, with a separate culture and government from the Massachusett to the south of the Charles River. [7]
Prior to passage of the act, nearly two-thirds of Native Americans were already U.S. citizens. [122] American Indians today have all the rights guaranteed in the U.S. Constitution, can vote in elections, and run for political office. There has been controversy over how much the federal government has jurisdiction over tribal affairs ...
The Plano cultures existed in the North American Arctic during the Paleo-Indian or Archaic period between 9000 BCE and 6000 BCE.The Plano cultures originated in the plains, but extended far beyond, from the Atlantic coast to modern-day British Columbia and as far north as the Northwest Territories.