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Catholic–Protestant relations refers to the social, political and theological relations and dialogue between Catholic Christians and Protestant Christians. This relationship began in the 16th century with the beginning of the Reformation and thereby Protestantism. A number of factors contributed to the Protestant Reformation.
Protestants hold doctrinal differences with the Catholic Church in a number of areas, including the understanding of the meaning of the word "faith" and how it relates to "good works" in terms of salvation, and a difference of opinion regarding the concept of "justification"; also regarding the Catholic Church's belief in sacred tradition as a ...
Protestant churches are considered by some Catholic critics as a negative force which "protests" and revolts against the Catholic Church. [46] Catholic theologian Karl Adam wrote: "The sixteenth century revolt from the Church led inevitably to the revolt from Christ of the eighteenth century, and thence to the revolt from God of the nineteenth ...
The Catholic Church's attitude was also expressed by Pope John Paul II in the image of the Church "breathing with her two lungs". [ 78 ] [ 79 ] He meant that there should be a combination of the more rational, juridical, organization-minded "Latin" temperament with the intuitive, mystical and contemplative spirit found in the East.
While most Roman Catholic theologians rejected a strict doctrine of double predestination (the Calvinist belief), a minority in the early sixteenth century saw it as consistent with their Augustinian heritage. [31] Post-reformation Roman Catholicism has remained largely outside the debate, although Thomist and Molinist views continue within the ...
An 1807 satirical painting by James Gillray showing King George III of the United Kingdom saying "bring in the papists!". The words Popery (adjective Popish) and Papism (adjective Papist, also used to refer to an individual) are mainly historical pejorative words in the English language for Roman Catholicism, once frequently used by Protestants and Eastern Orthodox Christians to label their ...
The Catholic Church officially concluded this debate at the Council of Constance (1414–1417). The conclave condemned Jan Hus, who was executed by burning in spite of a promise of safe-conduct. At the command of Pope Martin V, Wycliffe was posthumously exhumed and burned as a heretic twelve years after his burial.
Sectarianism in Glasgow takes the form of religious and political sectarian rivalry between Roman Catholics and Protestants. It is reinforced by the Old Firm rivalry between the football clubs: Rangers F.C. and Celtic F.C. [31] Members of the public appear divided on the strength of the relationship between football and sectarianism. [31]