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In economics, factors of production, resources, or inputs are what is used in the production process to produce output—that is, goods and services. The utilised amounts of the various inputs determine the quantity of output according to the relationship called the production function .
In political philosophy, the means of production refers to the generally necessary assets and resources that enable a society to engage in production. [1] While the exact resources encompassed in the term may vary, it is widely agreed to include the classical factors of production (land, labour, and capital) as well as the general infrastructure and capital goods necessary to reproduce stable ...
The area of economics that focuses on production is called production theory, and it is closely related to the consumption (or consumer) theory of economics. [2] The production process and output directly result from productively utilising the original inputs (or factors of production). [3] Known as primary producer goods or services, land ...
An economic system, or economic order, [1] is a system of production, resource allocation and distribution of goods and services within a society. It includes the combination of the various institutions , agencies, entities, decision-making processes, and patterns of consumption that comprise the economic structure of a given community.
For example, if one assumes that the economy's available quantities of factors of production do not change over time and that technological progress does not occur, if the economy is operating on the PPF, production of guns would need to be sacrificed to produce more butter. [4] If production is efficient, the economy can choose between ...
This is a list of production functions that have been used in the economics literature. Production functions are a key part of modelling national output and national income . For a much more extensive discussion of various types of production functions and their properties, their relationships and origin, see Chambers (1988) [ 1 ] and Sickles ...
Firms make production decisions. These include what goods to produce, how these goods are to be produced and what prices to charge. They employ the various factors of production and they sell the finished goods to the households for consumption and to the government. Households Households make consumption decisions and own factors of production.
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to production: Production – act of creating 'use' value or 'utility' that can satisfy a want or need. [1] The act may or may not include factors of production other than labor. Any effort directed toward the realization of a desired product or service is a "productive ...